不同形状硐室拉张破裂有限元数值模拟  

Finite Element Numerical Simulation of Tension Fracture with Different Shape Chamber

作　　者：王来贵[1] 初影[1] 赵娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学力学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《沈阳建筑大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第3期462-466,共5页Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(50434020)

摘　　要：目的研究地下硐室开挖过程中,不同形状的地下硐室其围岩的破坏形式.方法采用可模拟拉张破裂的有限元软件,给出拉张破裂的判据,分别选取圆形、直墙拱形、长方形、梯形、半圆形硐室模型进行拉张破裂有限元数值模拟.结果得出了不同形状硐室受拉破裂的破坏形式,圆形、直墙拱形、半圆形硐室的顶部应力集中明显,接近点集中.长方形、梯形拉应力均沿顶、底边线性分布.结论由不同形状硐室的破坏形式可以看出,拉应力集中在硐室顶底部,在拉应力最大点首先开裂,开裂后应力重新分布形成新的应力集中;单元破裂后,抵抗变形和破坏的能力下降,相邻单元出现明显应力集中,加速裂纹的产生;单元破坏后不能再承受拉应力,但是可以承受压应力.The purpose of the paper is to explore the different forms of rock damage in different shape underground chamber in the process of the underground chamber excavation. The authors adopted the software of finite element to simulate rock tension fracture, gave the breakdown of extensional criterion, selected the round, arch wall,rectangle,trapezoid and hemicycle as the simulation models and obtained the tension fracture forms of different shape chambers. The round, arch wall and hemicycle were with the obvious stress concentration at the top of chamber, close to point of concentration. The tensile stress of trapezoid and rectangle were along the top and bottom edge of the linear distribution. The results from the failure form of the different shape underground chamber show that the tensile stress concentrates on both top and bottom side of the chamber, the crack firstly happens in the maximum stress node, then new concentrated stress is formed after the redistribution stress. The ability of resist deformation and damage is descended after element breakdown, adjacent element appears significant stress concentration, cracks are accelerated and it can not bear the tensile stress, but can bear the compressive stress.

关 键 词：硐室 拉张破裂 数值模拟 判据 过程演化 

分 类 号：TD313[矿业工程—矿井建设]