神农架自然保护区川金丝猴投食群友好行为的初步观察  

Preliminary Observation on Affiliative Behaviors of Rhinopithecus roxellana in a Provisioned Group in the Shennongjia National Nature Reserve

作　　者：蔚培龙[1] 廖明尧 胡汉斌[3] 赵本元 杨敬元 鲍伟东[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083 [2]湖北神农架国家级自然保护区,木鱼442421 [3]国家林业局自然保护区研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2009年第3期43-48,共6页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家林业局自然保护区研究中心项目;国家林业局野生动物保护管理项目;神农架国家级自然保护区川金丝猴研究基地项目

摘　　要：为探讨人工补食条件下川金丝猴（Rhinopithecus roxellana）的友好行为因补食产生的影响,2007年1-9月,采用行为取样法、扫描取样法和全事件记录法对湖北神农架自然保护区大龙潭投食猴群的友好行为进行了观察。共记录到11种友好行为,发生频次居前的是理毛、张嘴、拥抱、游戏、趋近。友好行为的发起者和承受者在性别间差异均不显著,但在年龄间差异均显著。在一雄多雌单元内发起者按次数多少为成年、少年、青年、亚成年猴,承受者的顺序亦如此。在全雄单元内发起者按次数多少为成年、少年、亚成年、青年猴,承受者的顺序亦如此。友好行为在单元内和单元间差异显著,单元内多于单元间。这在一定程度上说明川金丝猴社会单元内个体间的关系紧密,单元间的关系相对疏远。友好行为在繁殖和非繁殖季节差异不显著。To evaluate the effects of provisioning on affiliative behaviors of Sichuan Snub-nosed Monkeys （Rhinopithecus roxeUana）, we conducted a systematic observation on a group in the Shennongjia National Nature Reserve from January to September 2007 by using behavior sampling, scanning sampling and all-occurrence recording methods. The group consisted of 3 one-male units （OMU） and 1 all-male unit （AMU） with 45 individuals in total. Eleven types of affiliative behaviors were defined and recorded. Allo-grooming, opening mouth, embracing, playing, and approaching occurred more frequently than others. No significant difference in affiliafive behaviors between gender was found for initiators and recipients, but significant difference existed for initiators between age classes in the OMU （in descending order） ： adults, juveniles, the young, and sub-adults; while within the AMU, the frequency order was adults, juveniles, sub-adults, and the young. Individuals within an OMU exhibited more afffiiative behaviors than those between OMUs. However, behaviors such as holding waist, squeezing into, opening mouth, and kissing back only performed by individuals within the same OMU. These results indicate that members in OMUs are closer to each other than individuals between OMUs be. Each OMU might be, to some extent, a socially integrated unit. No difference was found in frequency of affiliative behaviors occurred in breeding and nonbreeding season.

关 键 词：川金丝猴 投食群 友好行为 神农架自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]