鱼塘沉积物氯酚污染及其生态风险评价  

Chlorophenols Pollution in Aquiculture Sediments and its Ecological Risk Assessment

作　　者：董军[1,2] 陈若虹[1] 栾天罡[1] 邹世春[3] 林里[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学水产品安全教育部重点实验室,广东广州510275 [2]电子科技大学中山学院,广东中山528403 [3]中山大学海洋学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2009年第2期426-430,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(20307012);广东省自然科学基金项目(7010723);中山市科技计划项目(2006A154);电子科技大学中山学院科研启动项目(2007YKQ19)

摘　　要：采用固相微萃取(SPME)与气相色谱-质谱联用,分析了3种养殖模式鱼塘沉积物中氯酚类(CPs)化合物的污染特征。结果表明,一般四大家鱼养殖模式(A)沉积物中总CPs质量分数(干质量)为9.91ng·g-1,猪-鱼综合养殖模式(B)与鸭-鱼综合养殖模式(C)沉积物总CPs质量分数分别为7.79ng·g-1和4.84ng·g-1。总CPs及15种CPs化合物在A、B模式和鸭-鱼综合养殖模式(C)沉积物中的分布特征相似,质量分数由高到低的顺序为A模式,B模式,C模式。沉积物中质量分数比较高的一氯酚、二氯酚、三氯酚和四氯酚分别是4-CP、2,4-DCP、2,4,6-TCP和2,3,4,6-TeCP。五氯酚(PCP)质量分数与4-CP、2,5+2,6+3,5-DCP、3,4-DCP、2,4,5-TCP、2,3,6-TCP、2,3,4-TCP、2,3,5,6-TeCP、2,3,4,6-TeCP、2,3,4,5-TeCP等氯酚化合物质量分数显著正相关,显示PCP与它们之间存在降解物与产物的关系。参照美国EPA相关标准,上述鱼塘沉积物中的PCP和Ky氯酚(2,3,4,6-TeCP、2,4,6-TCP和PCP)导致生态风险的可能性较低。Concentration levels of chlorophenols （CPs） pollutants in aquiculture sediments were determined by solid phase microex- traction （SPME） and gas chromatography-mass spectra （GC-MS）. The investigated aquaculture models were traditional feeding （A）, pig-fish compound aquaculture （B） and duck-fish compound aquaculture （C）, which presented a similar distribution pattern of the total CPs and 15 individual CPs chemicals. Data showed that the total CPs concentrations were 9.91, 7.79 and 4.84 ng.g1 for model A, B, and C, respectively. Among all CPs, the major chlorophenol pollutants in the three sediments were 4-CP, 2,4-DCP, 2,4,6-TCP and 2,3,4,6-TeCE It was observed that PCP has a positive correlation with 4-CP, 2,5＋2,6＋3,5-DCP, 3,4-DCP, 2,4,5-TCP, 2,3,6-TCP, 2,3,4-TCP, 2,3,5,6-TeCP, 2,3,4,6-TeCP, or 2,3,4,5-TeCP, respectively, suggesting that those chemicals were intermediate products from PCP degradation. According to the evaluation system of USEPA, the residuary level of PCP and Ky-chlorophenols in the aquiculture sediments might pose low ecological risk to the environment and human beings.

关 键 词：鱼塘 沉积物 氯酚 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]