西江水体中多环芳烃的分布特征及来源  

Distribution characters and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in the Xijiang River

作　　者：邓红梅[1,2] 陈永亨[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]广州市污染控制与同位素应用重点实验室,广东广州510006

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2009年第2期435-440,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40803026);广东省博士启动基金项目(8451009101001023);NSFC-广东省联合基金重点项目(U0633001)

摘　　要：为确定西江水体中多环芳烃(PAHs)的分布特征和来源,分别在洪水期(2003年8月)和枯水期(2003年11月)对西江水体进行了两次水柱采样,利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)对样品中15种优控的PAHs进行定量分析,并运用分子比值法探寻多环芳烃的来源。结果表明,西江水体溶解相和颗粒相中PAHs的质量浓度分别为21.7～138ng·L-1,和40.9～238μg·kg-1。水体中PAHs的总质量浓度(溶解相及颗粒相),洪水季(43.9～116.9ng·L-1)大于枯水季(25.2～34.1ng·L-1)。溶解相和颗粒相中PAHs质量浓度都表现相同的垂直变化即中层>下层>上层。从PAHs组成特点来看,溶解相以3环的PAHs为主,占总组分的80%;而颗粒相以3环、4环的PAHs为主,分别占总组分的48%和41%。西江水体PAHs的质量浓度,与欧洲其他一些低污染水域相比相对较高;而低于国内一些主要受污染河流。分子比值法表明,西江水体PAHs主要来源于高温燃烧排放。Two water columns were collected from the Xijiang River during flood season （August, 2003） and dry season （November, 2003）. The mass concentrations of priority 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） were quantitatively analyzed by GC-MS to determine the distribution and sources of PAHs in the dissolved and SPM phases. Molecular ratios were used to characterize their possible pollution sources. The average PAHs mass concentrations in the dissolved and particle phases were 21.7-138 ng·L^-1, 40.9-238μg·kg^-1, respectively. Clearly seasonal trends were observed, with higher mass concentrations of PAHs in flood season （43.9-116.9 ng·L^-1） than dry season （ 25.2-34.1 ng·L^-1） for the total PAHs （particle phase plus dissolved phase）. With the depth of water columns of Xijiang River, PAHs mass concentrations in the dissolved and SPM phases showed the same vertical variation： middle layer 〉 bottom layer 〉 surface layer. In the dissolved phase, the predominant PAHs were 3 ring PAHs, which, on average, constituted 80 % of the total PAHs in the Xijiang River water. While in the particle phase, the predominant PAHs were 3-4 ring PAHs, which on average constituted 48 % and 41% of the total PAHs in the Xijiang River water, respectively. PAHs mass concentra- tions in Xijiang River were relatively lower than European water areas and higher than main polluted water areas in China. Ratios of specific PAH compounds including phenanthrene, anthracene（Ant/178）, fluoranthene, pyrene（FL/202）, chrysene, benzo（a） anthracene（BaA/228）, Phe/Ant, and FlChr were calculated to evaluate the possible sources of PAH contamination. These ratios reflected a pattern of pyrolytic input of PAHs in Xijiang River.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 溶解相 颗粒相 来源 西江 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]