密云水库不同封育年限灌丛群落结构及演替规律  

Shrub community structure and succession rule in different closing-off years of Miyun reservoir

作　　者：张金瑞[1] 高甲荣[1] 何明月[1] 刘瑛[1] 李晓宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学教育部水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2009年第2期648-652,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一.五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD03A02);国际科技合作项目(2008DFA32270)

摘　　要：灌丛群落为华北土石山区常见的次生植被类型,揭示其演替规律对明确北京区域森林动态及经营管理具有重要意义。采用样线调查方法,选择封育5、7、10和15a的4个地段,进行10m×10m样地调查。运用空间代替时间数据处理方法,分析了灌丛群落的物种重要值、生物多样性指数、群落均匀度指数、生态优势度指数以及单位面积生物量变化情况。结果表明:随着封育年限的递增,灌丛先锋阳生性优势种重要值下降,阴生性和乔木树种重要值上升;封育到第7年时,乔木加入演替序列,到第15年时开始构建乔木层片;群落生态优势度指数降低,均匀度指数上升,灌丛植被向生物多样化和生态稳定的方向演替;研究区内植被潜在演替序列为:荆条Vitexnegundo var.heterophylla×酸枣Ziziphusjujubavar.spinosa灌丛→三裂绣线菊Spiraea trilobata灌丛→山杨Populus davidiana×椴树混交林→蒙古栎Quercus mongolica林。Shrub community is common secondary vegetation type of earth-rocky mountainous area in the North of China. Researching on shrub communities＇ succession rule is valuable for clearing forest dynamics and management in Beijing. 5, 7, 10 and 15 a closing-off area were selected by line -transect method. Based on 10 m×10 m sample-plot survey, the space data processing method instead of the time was applied to analyze the species important value, biodiversity index, community evenness index, ecology dominance index and biomass variation per hectare. The results show that： the pioneer species importance value decreased and that of the shade-adapted tree and tree species increased with closing-off time; trees appeared in succession in 7 a and it＇s synusia formed in 15 a; the community dominant index decreased and evenness index increased in succession; shrub vegetation tended to more stable and diversified; shrub succession series were： Vitex negundo var. heterophylla×Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa shrub→Spiraea trilobata shrub →Populus davidiana × Tilia mandschurica forest→Quercus mongolica forest.

关 键 词：演替 灌丛 生物多样性 北京 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]