小偃54和京411及其杂交后代稳定优选株系光合特性的动态变化  

Dynamic Changes of Photosynthetic Characteristics in Xiaoyan 54,Jing 411,and the Stable Selected Superior Strains of Their Hybrid Progenies

作　　者：程建峰[1,2] 马为民[3] 陈根云[1] 胡美君[1,4] 沈允钢[1] 李振声[5] 童依平[5] 李滨[5] 李宏伟[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所,上海200032 [2]江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌330045 [3]上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院,上海200234 [4]浙江大学园艺系,浙江杭州300029 [5]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《作物学报》2009年第6期1051-1058,共8页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2009CB118504);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX2-YW-N-059);上海市博士后基金项目(07R214153)资助

摘　　要：以上海种植的小偃54和京411及其杂交后代稳定优选株系6号、7号和10号为材料,通过测定抽穗期剑叶的毫秒延迟发光(ms-DLE)和不同生育期倒数第1片功能叶的光合速率(Pn)、叶绿素含量(Chl)、比叶重(SLW)、Fv/Fm、ATP含量和P700还原初始速率来分析其光合特性的动态变化,为小麦育种选择中改善光合性能提供理论依据和技术途径。结果表明,小麦杂交优选后代6号株系的形态农艺性状近于小偃54,7号株系近于京411,10号株系的变异较大。不同基因型小麦及其杂交优选后代的光合特性与生育时期和衡量指标密切相关,Pn为分蘖期>抽穗期>灌浆期>拔节期,Chl为灌浆期>抽穗期>分蘖期>拔节期,ATP含量为灌浆期>拔节期>分蘖期>抽穗期,P700还原初始速率为灌浆期>抽穗期>拔节期>分蘖期,各生育期间的Fv/Fm无明显差异。小麦光合特性的超亲优势随生育时期而异,杂交优选后代10号株系的Pn和Chl在灌浆期有超亲优势,ATP含量在抽穗期有超亲优势,SLW和P700还原初始速率介于两亲本间。杂交优选后代株系10号聚合了Pn、Chl和ATP含量的超亲优势,其光合特性优于两亲本,而6号劣于两亲本,7号介于两亲本之间。Xiaoyan 54, derived from the cross between Triticum aestivum L. and Thinopyrum ponticum, has special features of inherent higher cyclic photophosphorylation activity during photosynthesis and its higher tolerance to stresses. Many hybrid progenies of Xiaoyan 54 and Jing 411 were produced in the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, including several lines with stable characters. To explore their photosynthetic properties and provide theoretical basis or technical approaches for wheat breeding selection, the parents （Xiaoyan 54 and Jing 411） and the stable single-seed descent lines 6, 7, and 10 were planted in Shanghai in 2006–2008 growing seasons. Millisecond delayed light emission （ms-DLE） of their flag leaves during the heading stage was determined in 2007. The morpho-agronomic and yield traits of them were investigated in 2008. Net photosynthetic rate （Pn）,chlorophyll content （Chl）, specific leaf weight （SLW）, Fv/Fm, ATP content, initial reduction rate of P700 in reciprocal first functional leaf of them during the different growth stages were determined for analyzing dynamic changes of photosynthetic characteristics in 2008. The morpho-agronomic traits of the line 6 and 7 were similar to Xiaoyan 54 and Jing 411, respectively, and varied markedly in line 10. Photosynthetic characteristics of the parents and stable single-seed descent lines were closely related to the growth stages and measured indexes. Pn decreased in the order of tillering stage 〉 heading stage 〉 grain filling stage 〉 jointing stage; Chl content was different with grain filling stage ranking the first, followed by heading stage, tilleringstage and jointing stage; ATP content was the order of grain filling stage 〉 jointing stage 〉 tillering stage 〉 heading stage; initial reduction rate of P700 was at grain filling stage 〉 heading stage 〉 jointing stage 〉 tillering stage; Fv/Fm at various growth stages were similar without significant differences. The heterobeltiosis

关 键 词：小麦 杂交后代 光合作用 光合磷酸化 高光效育种 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S511