精细化工废水有机成分分析及其生物降解性与毒性的拓扑研究  

Organic compounds in fine chemical wastewater,their composition analysis and topological study in biodegradability and toxicity

作　　者：何勤聪[1] 成国飞 任源[1] 潘维龙 黄彬彬[1] 张小璇[3] 韦朝海[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]上虞市水处理发展有限责任公司,浙江绍兴312300 [3]华南理工大学化学与化工学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《化工进展》2009年第6期1080-1085,共6页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20777018);国家高技术研究发展计划(2006AA06Z378)资助项目

摘　　要：针对精细化工废水处理难以稳定达标的现状,通过GC/MS法跟踪测定某精细化工园区废水处理厂生物系统进水与出水中的有机组分并分析其变化,采用拓扑分析法对进水中检测出的有机物生物降解性与毒性进行定量构效研究,评估了拓扑分析结果与出水中有机成分的吻合程度。结果表明,经生物处理后,进水中含有的酸、醇及部分苯酚和苯胺类有机物能被有效降解,但氯代苯胺、氯代硝基苯、甲氧基苯系物、腈及含氮杂环化合物等物质在出水中仍能被检出,此类有机物大部分属于难降解有机物且具有较强的生物毒性,从而导致出水不能达标排放。研究结果指出,针对含有毒/难降解有机物精细化工废水的处理,应着重考虑QSAR分析结果中低PCD、低LC50值有机物的优先控制,采用有效的预处理措施和生物强化工艺是实现废水稳定达标的关键。In order to improve the wastewater treatment efficiency of Fine Chemical Industrial Park in Zhejiang Province, organic compounds in the inflow and outflow from a biological treatment system were analyzed by GC/MS. The biodegradability and toxicity of the organic compounds contained in the inflow were topologically studied, and its consistency with analytical results was evaluated. Results indicated that acids, alcohols and some volatile phenols and anilines could be removed effectively through the biological treatment system. However , chloroanilines , chloronitrobenzenes , methoxybenzenes, nitriles and some heterocyclic compounds could still be detected in the outflow. These compounds were toxic and hardly biodegradable, resulted in a unsatisfactory water discharge. Therefore, the process option for fine chemical wastewater treatment should consider the preferential control of organic compounds with low PCD or low LC50. Effective pretreatment and bioaugmentation technique might be necessary for a high-performance wastewater treatment process.

关 键 词：精细化工废水 有机物 生物降解性 毒性 拓扑 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]