冷冻手术时生物组织相变传热过程的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation on Phase Change Heat Transfer Process of Biological Tissue in Cryosurgery

作　　者：施娟[1] 陈振乾[1] 施明恒[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2009年第3期176-181,共6页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50436030)

摘　　要：目的通过模拟一个完整的组织冻融过程来了解手术过程中的热传递过程。方法考虑到肿瘤组织和正常组织的不同热物性,建立了一个生物组织的相变传热模型。假设生物组织为多孔介质,并且考虑组织中骨架和流体(如组织液)的不同性质。采用显热容法解决相变问题。结果研究结果表明在冻结过程中,冷刀初始温度越低,冷刀降温速度越快,组织温度下降得越快;在融化过程中,冷刀升温速度越快,组织温度上升得越快。同时研究表明生物组织的孔隙率以及血液灌注率和新陈代谢都对组织温度变化有着重要的影响。结论研究生物组织在冷冻手术中的热传递过程,对于冷冻手术今后的开发利用有着重要的启发作用。Objective To study the mechanism of heat transfer by simulating a complete freezing-thawing process of biological tissue. Methods A numerical model of phase change heat transfer in biological tissue was developed with consideration of the difference of thermophysical properties for normal biological tissue and tumor. The biological tissue was assumed as a porous media. The different thermophysical properties between tissue framework and tissue fluid （ as water in tissue, etc） were considered. An apparent heat capacity method was applied to solve the phase change heat transfer problem. Results It was showed that the temperature of biological tissue decreased more quickly during the freezing process when the initial cryoprobe temperature was lower and the cooling-rate of cryoprobe was faster. The temperature of biological tissue increased more quickly with faster warming-rate of cryoprobe in the thawing process. It was also showed that the porosity, blood perfusion rate and metabolic heat generation of the biological tissue had effects on tissue freezing temperature in biological tissue. Conclusion To study the thermal process of biological tissue in cryosurgery will be very helpful for further application in cryosurgery.

关 键 词：冷冻手术 相变 传热 生物组织 

分 类 号：R318.52[医药卫生—生物医学工程]