中药“五味”作用的形态学基础研究  

Morphological Study of "Five Flavor"of Chinese Materia Medica

作　　者：金勇[1] 俞仲毅[1] 王博[1] 陆敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学科技实验中心,上海201203

出　　处：《上海中医药大学学报》2009年第3期67-71,共5页Academic Journal of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30271615);国家"十一.五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAI08B05-06)

摘　　要：目的:了解"五味"作用的器官组织基础。方法:选用60味涵盖所有性味归经的常用中药,按常规法煎成药液,以临床常用量的上限按体表面积折算成小鼠用量,分别给IRC/F1小鼠口服。用药后1 h,每鼠静脉注射14C-2-脱氧葡萄糖。注射2 h后,乙醚处死动物,-70℃速冻,8%羧甲基纤维素钠包埋,整体切片0.5 mm。-20℃下放射自显影。以整体切片定位各组织器官,获取X线胶片上相应影像的平均发光度,与空白组比较差异显著者,计算其影响机能活动的百分率,以表示药物对器官组织的影响。数据处理后,形成以药性为指标器官组织为样本的数据矩阵,进行快速聚类分析。结果:将器官组织分为6类时,中药性味归经等药性变量之间有最大的显著差异,而器官组织形成的类别最少。"五味"作用之间以及与"归经"的作用是可以区分的,表现为各种药性影响各器官组织的性质(兴奋或抑制)及其强弱的不同;与"归经"的作用同样,"五味"的作用(单次用药1 h后)主要影响间脑、大脑、小脑、脊髓、肺脏、肾脏、胰腺、头颅骨等器官组织,对其他器官组织的影响较小。结论:采用14C-2-脱氧葡萄糖代谢放射自显影方法研究中药性味归经具有可操作性;中药"五味"的作用有其器官组织的基础;中药"五味"作用之间以及与"归经"等作用是可以区分的。中药"五味"的作用具有调整多个器官组织机能活动的特点,与神经内分泌免疫网络的调整作用有关。To observe the target organ and tissue of five flavors of Chinese Materia Medica. Methods ： A total of 60 kinds of herb covering all ＂drug properties＂ were chosen and decocted conventionally into solution respectively. IRC/F1 mice were administered with the drug respectively in dose converted by upper limit dose which was clinically commonly used according to body surface area. One hour after adufinistration, each mouse was injected intravenously with J4C-2-deoxy-glucose. Two hours after injection, animals were killed with diethyl ether, freezen under -70 ℃, embeded with 8 % carhoxymethyl cellulose sodium and sliced integrally into 0.5 mm pieces. Autoradiography was carried out under -20 ℃. Mean luminosity of correspondent organ and tissue located with animal integral slice was obtained. Data with significant difference in administration groups compared with norreal group were calculated the percentage of effected function to reflect the effect of drugs on organs and tissues. The processed data formed matrix in index of ＂drug property＂ and in sample of organs and tissues, which were taken quick cluster analysis. Results： When organs and tissues were clustered into 6 categories, there were most significant differences among variables of ＂five flavor＂ and ＂meridian tropism＂, and the lest clusters of organs and tissues formed. Distinguished from ＂meridian tropism＂, ＂five flavors＂ showed to be different in the nature and intensity of effects of various herbs on organs and tissues. Like the ＂ meridian tropism＂, the main organs and tissues effected by ＂five flavor＂ were cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon, spinal cord, lung, kidney, pancreas and skull with less effects on other organs and tissues. Conclusion： Using ^14C-2-deoxy-glucose and autoradiography to study ＂drug properties＂ of Chinese materia medica is of maneuverability. The effects of ＂five flavors＂ have their own mechanism founda- tion concerning organs and tissues. The effects of ＂five flavors＂ can be dis

关 键 词：五味 中药 器官组织 聚类分析 ^14C-2-脱氧葡萄糖 放射自显影 

分 类 号：R285.1[医药卫生—中药学]