警察职业紧张状况影响因素分析  

Appraisal of occupational stress and its influential factors in policemen

作　　者：马晓明[1] 岳松[2] 刘乾[1] 孙旻[1] 陈曦[1] 徐媛婧[1] 兰亚佳[3] 田凤石[2] 汤乃军[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生教研室,天津300070 [2]天津市公安医院 [3]四川大学华西公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2009年第6期690-692,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：天津市科技支撑计划重点项目(08ZCGYSF01500)

摘　　要：目的评价职业紧张量表(OSI-R)用于警察调查时其信度效度,探讨警察职业紧张及其影响因素。方法应用OSI-R量表对427名警察进行问卷调查。结果OSI-R量表信度效度良好;约18.8%警察个体紧张反应问卷(PSQ)T分>60,约14%警察缺乏应变资源;紧张反应与职业任务呈正相关(r=0.720,P<0.05),与应对资源呈负相关(r=-0.536,P<0.05);22～49岁组紧张反应(86.0±21.3)和职业任务(141.9±23.4)程度重于50～60岁组(79.8±18.0,133.6±22.9)(P<0.05);紧张反应的主要影响因素有任务界限、任务不适、理性处事、责任感、工作环境、社会支持和自我保健;具备适度紧张因素和应对资源的个体仍有可能发生高度紧张反应。结论OSI-R量表适合用于警察职业紧张调查;警察职业紧张反应程度较高,应采取针对主要影响因素的干预措施以缓解职业紧张。Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised （OSI-R） and analyze occupational stress and its influential factors in policemen. Methods The occupational stress of 427 policemen was measured with OSI-R. Results The reliability and validity of OSI-R were acceptable. About 18% of policemen had PSQ score higher than 60, and about 14% policemen lacked coping resources. Stress response was positively correlated with occu- pational role （ r = 0. 720, P 〈 0.05 ）, and negatively correlated with the personal cope resource （ r = - 0. 536, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The stress response（ 86.0 ± 21.3 ） and occupational role（ 141.9 ± 23.4） of 22-49 age group were more serious than that of 50-60 age group （79. 8 ± 18.0,133.6 ± 22.9 ,P 〈 0. 05 ）. The primary influential factors of stress response included role boundary, role insufficiency,rational coping ,responsibility ,physical environment, social support and self-care. The individuals with av- erage level of stress factors and coping resources could suffer from serious stress respone. Conclusion OSI-R can be used as an ideal tool for measuring occupational stress in policemen. The stress in policemen is severe and some measures should be taken to reduce the occupational stress.

关 键 词：警察 职业紧张 职业紧张量表 信度 效度 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]