基于场致发射和量子隧道效应的镍粉填充压敏复合材料  

Nickel Powder Filled Piezoresistive Composites Based on Field Emission and Quantum Tunneling Effect

作　　者：韩宝忠[1] 韩宝国[2] 周道成[2] 王春圆[1] 金鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]哈尔滨工业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2009年第A01期38-43,共6页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50808055);教育部博士点基金新教师项目(20070213080);哈尔滨工业大学优秀青年教师培养计划(HITQNJS.2008.041);国家大学生创新性实验计划项目

摘　　要：通过测试不同种类、不同掺量镍粉复合水泥基材料的电阻率和受力时的电阻率变化规律,并结合镍粉颗粒状态和表面形貌的扫描电镜观察,探讨了镍粉水泥基复合材料的导电机理和压敏性产生机理。研究结果表明:刺球状镍粉掺量(体积分数)为15%、20%和25%的水泥基复合材料的导电性和压敏性依次提高;链状镍粉复合水泥基材料的导电性优于球状镍粉水泥基复合材料;刺球状镍粉复合水泥基材料的导电性优于表面光滑的球状镍粉水泥基复合材料。由此可见,镍粉水泥基复合材料的导电性和压敏性与镍粉的颗粒状态、表面形貌和掺量密切相关,刺球状镍粉水泥基复合材料具有良好导电性和压敏性是由场致发射效应和量子隧道效应所致。The electrical electivity and its variation regularity under compression of cement-based composites with different kinds and contents of nickel powder were measured, and the particle shape and the surface morphology of nickel powder were observed to explore the generation mechanism of the conductivity and piezoresistivity of cement-based materials with nickel powders. The research results show that the conductivity and piezoresistivity of cement-based materials with 15, 20 and 25% ultrafine aristate spherical nickel powder increase orderly. The conductivity of cement-based materials with chain nickel powder is better than that of cement-based materials with spherical nickel powder, and the conductivity of cement-based materials with ultrafine aristate spherical nickel powder is better than that of cement-based materials with nickel powder with smooth surface. These findings indicate that the conductivity and piezoresistivity of cement-based composites with nickel powder is heavily dependent on the particle shape, surface morphology and content of nickel powder, and the favorable conductivity and piezoresistivity of cement-based materials with ultrafine aristate spherical nickel powder are caused by field emission and quantum tunneling effect.

关 键 词：镍粉水泥基复合材料 导电性 压敏性 场致发射效应 量子隧道效应 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]