陕西黄土高原油松生长状况及其影响因子分析  

Growth and Its Influencing Factors of Pinus tabulaeformis in the Loess Plateau of Shaanxi Province

作　　者：焦醒[1] 刘广全[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048 [2]国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京100048

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2009年第5期1026-1032,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD09B06);水利部948"项目(200207)联合资助

摘　　要：选择黄土高原榆林、延安、铜川、渭南、咸阳、宝鸡等地(市)269块标准地332株油松解析木数据,运用方差分析、多重比较、通径分析等方法,以分析陕西黄土高原地区油松的生长状况及其主要影响因子.结果显示:(1)陕西黄土高原油松20年时树高、胸径、材积平均值分别为(6.51±0.18)m、(7.56±0.28)cm、(0.0204±0.0018)m3;该地区油松树高、胸径分别在20年和45年后进入稳定生长时期,而材积在100年时仍处于旺盛生长阶段.(2)海拔、坡位、坡向及林分密度直接或间接地对油松生长产生显著影响,不同立地因子、林分密度条件下,油松生长状况差异显著.其中,海拔1000～1200m的立地条件下油松生长表现良好且优于其他海拔区域,阴坡的油松生长状况优于其他坡位,密度以3300～6600株·hm-2之间最适宜油松生长.研究表明,黄土高原地区营造油松林应选择海拔1000～1200m、阴坡下部、密度一般控制在3300～6600株·hm-2之间,并且在造林过程中以东南部密度大,西北部密度小;阴坡、半阴坡密度大,半阳坡、阳坡密度小;坡中下部密度大、坡中上部密度小为原则.The paper aimed to study the growth and its influencing factors of Chinese pine in the Loess Plateau of Shaanxi Province. It was analyzed that the stem analysis data of Chinese pine from 269 sample plots including 332 standard trees in the Loess Plateau of Shaanxi Province. The data was analyzed in the methods of variance analysis,t-t est of average, Ducan multiple comparison and path analysis. The results showed that the mean height,the diameter at breast height and the volume of Chinese pine at 20 years were （6.51 ±0.18） m,（7. 56±0.28） cm and （0. 020 4±0. 001 8） m^3. The height and the diameter at breast height of Chinese pine in the region went into the stationary growth phase at 20 years and 45 years,while the volume was still in the vigorous period till 100 years. Some influencing factors had significant impact on the growth of Chinese pine,including altitude,slope position,aspect and stand density. Chinese pine at 1 000-1 200 m and shady slope grew better than those at other altitude or aspects. It is appropriate for Chinese pine with the density of 3 300-6 600 trees per hectare. The study showed that it was better to choose those sites be tween 1 000-1 200 m of altitude and lower shady slope with the stand density of 3 300-6 600 trees per hectare are selected for establishing pine plantations in the Loess Plateau. The density might be higher in southeast of the Loess Plateau, shady and semi-shady slopes and lower slopes. The density should be lower in northwest of the Loess Plateau, sunny and semi-sunny slopes and higher slopes.

关 键 词：黄土高原 油松 生长状况 影响因子 生长指标 

分 类 号：Q948.3[生物学—植物学]