浙江省上虞市人群病毒性乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查  

Sero-epidemiological survey on prevalence of hepatitis B virus in population of Shangyu city

作　　者：张鑫培[1] 章兴祥[1] 贾杰[1] 范建强[1] 万丽君[1] 朱方亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省上虞市疾病预防控制中心,浙江上虞312300

出　　处：《疾病监测》2009年第4期242-244,共3页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的了解浙江省上虞市1～59岁人群病毒性乙型肝炎(乙肝)感染现状,评价实施大规模乙肝疫苗(HepB)接种后的效果。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,抽取664人进行了乙肝血清流行病学调查,用ELISA方法检测了乙肝病毒(HBV)表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)和乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)。结果上虞市1～59岁人群HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc阳性率分别是5.57%、53.46%、32.83%,1～14岁人群HBsAg阳性率为1.37%。做过创伤性美容、经常去洗浴场所(足浴店)修脚是HBsAg阳性的危险因素,拔牙、补牙、洗牙等口腔诊疗史,经常去理发店修面、修体毛或刮胡须是HBV自然感染的危险因素。与1992年病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查结果相比,全人群HBsAg携带率下降47.80%(χ2=7.12,P<0.01)。结论接种HepB是控制人群HBV感染的有效措施,能明显提高抗-HBs阳性率,降低HBsAg携带率,提高人群对HBV的免疫保护能力。Objective To investigate the current status of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus（HBV） among the population aged 1 to 59 years in Shangyu city and evaluate the efficacy of large-scale vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine.MethodsA total of 664 people were selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling to conduct HBV sero-epidemiological survey.HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc were detected by using ELISA.ResultsThe positive rates of HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc were 5.57%,53.46% and 32.83% respectively among the population aged 1 to 59 years.The positive rate of HBsAg was only 1.37% among the people aged 1 to 14 years.Cosmetic surgery and frequent pedicure in public bathing spot were the risk factors for HBsAg positive.Dental surgeries,frequent shaving in barbershop were the risk factors for HBV infection.The rate of HBsAg carrier among the population declined by 47.80%（χ^2 =7.12,P〈0.01） compared with the result of the sero-epidemiological survey in 1992.ConclusionThe vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine are the effective measure to control HBV infection among the population,which can increase the positive rate of anti-HBs,decrease the rate of HBsAg carrier and improve the herd immunity to HBV obviously.

关 键 词：乙型病毒性肝炎 血清流行病学 乙型肝炎疫苗 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]