屈指肌腱的血液供应及其临床意义  

BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE FLEXOR DIGITORUM TENDON AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

作　　者：张正治[1] 钟世镇[1] 孙博[1] 

机构地区：[1]第一军医大学解剖学教研室

出　　处：《解剖学报》1990年第2期121-125,共5页Acta Anatomica Sinica

摘　　要：采用新鲜尸体上肢标本,经血管注射、透明、组织切片等方法对屈指肌腱的血供进行了应用解剖学研究。根据肌腱表面有无滑膜,将肌腱分为两部分:无滑膜肌犍和有滑膜肌腱。前者外被腱旁组织,腱内血管以纵行为主,横向吻合支短而稀疏,分布均匀,与腱旁组织内的血管有广泛吻合;后者的血管分布具有明显的节段性和偏于一侧的特点。血管数量较无滑膜肌腱少。鞘内肌腱的掌侧1/3～1/2无血管分布,血管仅分布在肌腱背侧。指深屈肌腱和指浅屈肌踺分别在近侧指间关节和掌指关节段形成无血管段。本文认为肌腱血管分布差异与肌踺各部所处的力学环境不同有关,并对肌腱的营养来源进行了讨论,为临床手术提出了建议。An applied anatomical study on the blood supply of the flexor tendon was conducted in the upper extremities of fresh cadaver by means of arterial injection, transparence, maerodissection and histological preparation. The flexor digital tendon can be divided into two parts: non-synovial membrane part and synovial membrane part. The intrinsic vaseularization of non-synovial membrane part of the tendon which was wrapped in paratenon was major in the form of the longitudinal vascular bundles, while the transverse anastomotie branches were short and sparse. The vascularity of this part was simple and uniformly distributed. The intrinsic vascularity of the synovial part possessed distinct characteristics of segmentality and partiality. In the synovial sheath, the blood vessels distributed only onto the dorsal aspect, while the velar 1/3 to 1/2 of the tendon was devoid of vessels. The profundus and superfieialis tendons formed an avascular zone at the proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joint separately. It was considered that the difference of the vascularization of tendon might be related to the mechanical force to which the tendon was subjected. The nutrition of tendon was discussed and the selection of tendon graft in the operation was suggested.

关 键 词：屈指肌腱 血液供应 滑膜 

分 类 号：R322.73[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]