胎儿心脏房室结亚显微结构  

ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE AV NODE OF HUMAN FETUSES

作　　者：梁鸾仙[1] 孔祥云[2] 林奇[2] 樊小军[1] 王鹏[1] 刘衍晟[1] 刘全禄[2] 凌凤东[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安医科大学电镜室,西安710061 [2]西安医科大学解剖学教研室,西安710061

出　　处：《解剖学报》1990年第2期134-137,共4页Acta Anatomica Sinica

摘　　要：本文报道用电子显微镜在8例胎儿和新生儿心脏标本上观察了房室结的亚显微结构。此结中有3种特殊心肌细胞:核大,胞质浅淡的P细胞主要位于结的深层;各种形式的T细胞主要位于P细胞群之间和结的浅层;核周浅淡,肌原纤维少而细长的浦肯野细胞见于结内或结的前部。除详细观察了各种细胞的结构特征外,还发现这3种细胞中均可见到高尔基复合体(1～5个)、中心粒,在P细胞之间可见到缝隙连接。这3种细胞中还可见到一定数量的电子致密颗粒,每个P细胞切面平均有9.23个;T细胞和浦肯野细胞中更多。根据电子密度和形状,颗粒可分为3种。第1种直径为66～333nm,电子密度高,圆形,有单位膜,似心房肌中的A颗粒。第2种直径为125～600nm,灰色,质地呈小粒状,似心房肌的B颗粒。第3种长径300～625nm,扁长或三角形,密度低。此外在这3种细胞中还见有长径125～700nm,形态不规则,质地不均匀或有空泡的溶酶体。The Ultrastructure of the AV node of 7 fetuses and one newborn was studied by electron microscope. There were three kinds of special cardiocytes in the AV node. P cells with large nucleus and clear cytoplasm were chiefly located in the deep part of the node. Different types of T cells occurred betWeen P cells and in the superficial part of the node. The purkinje cells with large clear paranuclear region and little amount of thin longitudinal myofibrils occasionally were found in the node. We found 1-5 areas of Golgi-complex, and occasionally a centriole might be found in three types of cells. Gap junction also could be seen between P cells. In P cells, T cells and Purkinje cells, there were a certain number of electron dense granules, 2-30 in P cells, more in T cells and Purkinje cells. They might be aggregated in the vicinity of Golgi-complex, but some might be present between myofibrils and beneath cell membrane. According to the electron density, texture and form of the granules, 3 types of granules might be distinguished: type 1, 66-333nm in diameter, round in shape with high electron density, with unit membrane, like the A granules of atrial cells; type 2, slightly larger, 125-600 nm in diameter, with moderate electron density, granular in texture, like the B granules of atrial cells; type 3, long or triangular in shape, with low electron density, few in number, long axis 300-625 nm. The nature of these granules remains to be studied further.

关 键 词：心脏 房室结 超微结构 胎儿 

分 类 号：R322.11[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]