可口革囊星虫(Phascolosoma esculenta)卵子发生的组织学研究  

OOGENESIS OF PHASCOLOSOMA ESCULENTA: HISTOLOGICAL STUDY

作　　者：顾晓英[1] 竺俊全[1] 许式见[1] 尤仲杰[1,2] 王伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]“应用海洋生物技术”教育部重点实验室(宁波大学)宁波大学生命科学与生物工程学院,宁波315211 [2]宁波市海洋与渔业研究院,宁波315012

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2009年第3期283-288,共6页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目,Y304096号;浙江省教育厅项目,20040889号;浙江省科技计划项目,2004C33095号

摘　　要：采用组织学方法研究了可口革囊星虫卵巢结构及卵子发生过程的形态学变化,以探究可口革囊星虫卵子发生过程及特征。结果表明,可口革囊星虫的卵巢位于收吻肌基部,由小叶组成的带状或块状组织。卵原细胞在卵巢中发育至早期卵母细胞时期单个或成团脱离卵巢入体腔液中,卵母细胞团细胞很快分离为单个细胞;卵母细胞在体腔液中发育成熟后进入肾管;生发泡破裂是卵母细胞成熟的标志;体腔中卵母细胞无滤泡膜,卵黄膜的形成与发育靠卵母细胞本身;卵径小于60μm的卵母细胞呈圆形,卵径大于60μm的卵母细胞为卵圆形,形态上成熟的卵母细胞短径约115—120μm、长径约140—145μm、卵黄膜厚7—9μm。以卵原细胞与卵母细胞发育的形态学特征为依据,将可口革囊星虫的卵子发生过程划分为:卵原细胞增殖期(卵径<10μm)、卵母细胞小生长期(卵径10—20μm)、卵母细胞大生长期Ⅰ(卵径20—60μm)、卵母细胞大生长期Ⅱ[大小为(60μm×70μm)—(120μm×145μm)]、卵母细胞成熟期及退化期6个阶段,反映了可口革囊星虫卵子发生过程的动态变化。Oogenesis of Phascolosoma esculenta is studied using histological microtechnique for ovary structure and the morphological changes. Ovary at the base of introvert retractor muscle has a banded or massive structure of many folioles. Oogonium develops into early oocyte in the ovary, and then the oocyte leaves the ovary for the coelomic fluid in the form of single cell or cell mass followed by the rapid separation of the group of oocytes into individual ones. Oocyte enters into the nephridium after its maturation. The rupture of germinal vesicle marks the oocyte maturation. Oocyte in the coelom does not have follicle membrane and vitelline membrane is formed and developed by the oocyte itself. Smaller oocyte （〈60μm in diameter） is round, and larger ones （≥60μm in diameter） is ovate. The short and long diameters of a morphologically mature oocyte are about 115--120μm and 140--145μm respectively, and the vitelline membrane is 7-- 9μm thick. The oogenesis of P. esculenta can be divided into the following phases in morphological characteristics of oogonium and oocyte development： the proliferative phase of oogonium （〈10μm in diameter）, the initial growth phase of oocyte （10--20μm in diameter）, the grand growth phase- Ⅰ of oocyte （20--60μm in diameter）, the grand growth phase-Ⅱ of oocyte （60μm×70μm to 120μm ×145μm in size）, the mature phase of oocyte, and the declining phase, showing a dynamic changes in oogenesis of P. esculenta.

关 键 词：可口革囊星虫 卵子发生 组织学 

分 类 号：Q253[生物学—细胞生物学]