饿马水坝分层取水系统改建设计和运行分析  

Analysis of Design and Operation of Selective Withdrawal Modifications of Hungry Horse Dam

作　　者：杜效鹄[1] 李岳军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水电工程顾问集团公司,北京100120

出　　处：《水力发电》2009年第4期14-18,共5页Water Power

摘　　要：饿马水坝由3个半圆形闸门构成的分层取水系统,可以有效提高下游河道水温,降低水温短期剧烈波动。下游河道水温和水质的改善有助于恢复水生生物种群,改善生物链结构;鲑鱼的数量、种类和尺寸都有较大幅度地增加。闸门在运行过程中启闭方便,但淹没水深和水头损失较设计有所增大。水库生物数量有一定程度的减少,闸门不能承受较大的水锤压力,维修费用高是分层取水系统的不利因素。The Hungry Horse dam has a Selective Withdrawal System （SWS）composed by 3 semi- cylindrical gates, which can effectively increase the water temperature of downstream channel and reduce the great water temperature fluctuation. The improvement of water temperature and quality in the downstream channel is helpful to the rehabilitation of hydrobiology population including zooplankton, insects, and fish productivity. Local trout quantity and size has been increased greatly. SWS operation is flexible except that submergence depth and head loss is higher than design value. Some disadvantages such as the reduction of biological production in reservoir, high water hammer load on the gate, annual maintenance cost, etc., are the unfavorable factors of SWS gate structure.

关 键 词：分层取水系统 低温水 生境恢复 水头损失 

分 类 号：TV64[水利工程—水利水电工程] TU991.36[建筑科学—市政工程]