南水北调中线水源区森林覆盖变化及其影响因子分析  

Forest Changes in the Water Source Area of Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project

作　　者：李璐[1] 史志华[1] 朱惇[1] 蔡崇法[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学农业部亚热带农业资源与环境重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2009年第6期1049-1057,共9页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAC10B02)

摘　　要：以南水北调中线水源区1980、1990、2000年LANDSATMSS/TM/ETM+遥感影像为主信息源,辅以DEM、植被分布图、土地利用图、气象数据及相关社会经济资料,对该区域20年来森林覆盖的动态变化和区域分异特征进行了研究。在此基础上,采用典范对应分析(CCA)研究了林地分布及其变化与环境因子间的关系。研究结果表明水源区1980、1990、2000年林地面积分别为67631、61635、65051 km2,斑块数依次为41790、71276、69632个,平均斑块面积为1.62、0.86、0.93 km2,呈破碎化趋势;林地分布主要由海拔、降雨和坡度等因素决定,而林地变化的主要影响因子是海拔、坡度和人口。The Danjiangkou Reservoir lies in the upper Hanjiang River basin and is the source of water for the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. Any change changes in the magnitude or timing of runoff from in water source area would have significant significant the Danjiangkou Reservoir induced by forest implications for the economic prosperity of the Hanjiang River basin as well as for the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. Based on sources of remote sensing images （LANDSAT MSS/TM/ETM ＋ ） in 1980, 1990 and 2000, associated with DEM, vegetation distribution map, land-use map, meteorological data and the corresponding socio-economic data, this paper attempted to reveal the spatio-temporal dynamics of forest cover in recent 20 years, and then utilized the canonical correspondence analysis method to study the relationship between forestland distribution or transformation and environment parameters. The results indicated that forestland area had decreased continuously from 67631 km^2 in 1980 to 61635 km^2 in 1990, and then it started to increase to 65051 km^2 in 2000, and the average annual rate of change had gradually dropped from -9.3% during 1980 to 1990 to 5.4% during 1990 to 2000; meanwhile, the forest landscape had a fragmentation trend. These changes were closely related to national policy and economic development. The result of the CCA order showed that the major environmental variables affecting forestland distribution were elevation, rainfall and slope, and forestland was distributed mainly on the high elevation and slope areas with abundant precipitation, whereas non-forestland was distributed mainly in the low elevation, flat topographic area with high population density. The major environmental variables affecting forestland transformation were elevation, slope and population, and increase of forestland took place mainly on the medium elevation, the gentle degree of slope area with a relative tendency on sunny slope, while the transformation from forestland to others oc

关 键 词：森林覆盖变化 典范对应分析 南水北调中线工程 水源区 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]