基于统计数据的中国海洋渔业资源利用状况及管理分析  

An Analysis of Utilization Status and Management of Marine Fisheries Resources in China based on Statistics Data

作　　者：唐议[1,2] 邹伟红[1] 胡振明[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学海洋政策与法律研究所,上海201306

出　　处：《资源科学》2009年第6期1061-1068,共8页Resources Science

基　　金：上海高校选拔培养优秀青年教师科研专项基金(编号:8103060014);上海市教委科研一般项目基金(编号:06KS024)

摘　　要：本文根据1987年～2006年捕捞统计数据，对我国海洋渔业资源利用状况进行了分析，讨论了相关管理政策及措施。结果表明：①1999年以来，我国海洋捕捞总产量结束了长期持续快速的增长，出现下降并趋于稳定．渔获物大类构成趋向稳定，主要鱼类渔获物结构趋向均化；②海洋捕捞机动渔船数量在1997年之后趋于稳定，专业劳动力数量1998年以来保持下降趋势，总主机功率和总吨位20年来一直保持增长，渔船结构趋向大型化；③海洋机动捕捞渔船单位主机功率CPUE和单位吨位CPUE在1998年以来持续下降，单船CPUE和捕捞专业劳动力人均CPUE在1998年以后趋于稳定。讨论分析认为：①我国海洋渔业资源整体处于充分利用状态，捕捞能力总体过剩；②我国目前的捕捞投入控制不能有效控制实际捕捞能力，建议在渔船数量控制基础上，引入渔具类型、数量和规格等渔具限制制度；③需改进现行捕捞统计制度。According to the statistical data of marine fishing in China from 1987 to 2006, the utilization status of marine fisheries resources in China is analyzed in this paper. Besides, the impacts of fishing input factors on marine fishing output, fishery management policy and measures are also discussed. The result of statistical data analysis shows that： 1） After sustained increase during 1987-1998, the total marine fishing yield stopped increasing and maintained stable from 1999. The overall proportion structure of fish, crab and prawns, mollusk, alga of the total catch were stable and the proportion structure of main fish stock tended to be homogenized; 2） The total number of marine fishing motor vessels remained stable after 1997 while the number of professional labor force in fishing kept declining after 1998. The total main power and gross tonnage （＂GT＂ for short） of marine fishing motor vessels continued with a minor increase in the past 20 years and the size of fishing motor vessels became larger; 3） The total main power and GT of marine fishing motor vessels were the main influencing factors to total marine fishing yield during 1987-1998, but the number of marine fishing motor vessels and the professional fishing labor force became main factors after 1999. The catch per unit effort （＂CPUE＂ for short） of main power and the CPUE of GT of marine fishing motor vessels kept declining after 1998, while CPUE of professional fishing labor force and CPUE of vessel remain steady. Based on the above analysis, reconmmendations are given： 1） the marine fisheries resources stocks in China are fully exploited on the whole, and the fishing capacity is excessive. To reflect the utilization status of marine fisheries resources completely, it is necessary to conduct fishing statistics data analysis and biological investigation; 2） the current fishing input measures cannot control the fishing capacity in China effectively. Therefore, introduction of fishing gear control based on number control of fis

关 键 词：海洋渔业资源 利用状况 管理 统计数据 中国 

分 类 号：F326.4[经济管理—产业经济]