微生物提高采收率微观机制  

Micromechanism of microbial enhanced oil recovery

作　　者：雷光伦[1] 马继业[1] 汪卫东[2] 郭省学[2] 郭辽原[2] 宋硕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学石油工程学院,山东东营257061 [2]中石化胜利油田采油工艺研究院,山东东营257000

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第3期108-113,共6页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：中石化胜利油田科技攻关项目(N0802036)

摘　　要：在模拟油藏条件下,利用微观仿真平板模型和分支盲孔模型,对水驱、微生物驱油过程中剩余油形态及流动现象进行显微观察和分析,研究微生物驱油和置换盲孔内剩余油的微观机制;利用动态扩张黏弹性流变试验,定量考察菌体本身及生物表面活性物质对油水界面膜的作用及对原油流动能力的改善作用。结果表明:微生物通过降解原油和代谢产生生物气体、生物表面活性物质等改变剩余油形态及分布;微生物驱具有气驱、气液界面滑动和剥离油膜等微观驱油方式;生物气能够在生物活性物质的辅助作用下,进入水驱、聚驱、气驱都无法波及的盲孔,置换出其中的剩余油;微生物菌体本身具有界面活性,能与代谢活性产物共同降低油水界面膜强度,提高原油流动能力。Under simulated reservoir conditions, the forms and flow phenomena of remaining oil during water flooding and microbial flooding were observed and analyzed by using microvisual simulation plane models and microvisual models with blind holes. The micromechanism of microbial flooding and remaining oil displacement in blind holes was researched. By rheological experiment of dynamic dilatational viscoelasticity, the effects of bacterias and surfactants on oil-water interfacial film and oil flow ability were also quantitatively studied. The results show that the microbe changes the forms and distribution of remaining oil by degradation oil and its catabolites including biogas and biosurfactants. Microbial flooding has several oil displacement styles including gas drive, sliding rapidly on the gas-liquid interface and peeling oil film. The biogas associated by biosurfactants can enter blind holes where water flooding, polymer flooding and gas drive could not sweep, and replace remaining oil. Microbe itself has interfacial activity. The tension of oil-water interface film could be decreased by microbe and its catabolites, and the oil flow ability is improved.

关 键 词：微生物 驱油试验 微观机制 扩张流变特性 

分 类 号：TE357.9[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]