高光谱遥感在北方农牧交错带生态界面研究中的作用  

Application of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing in Research on Ecological Boundary in North Farming-Pasturing Transition in China

作　　者：王红梅[1,2] 王堃[1] 谢应忠[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学草地研究所,北京100094 [2]宁夏大学草业所,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2009年第6期1636-1639,共4页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家“973”计划项目(2007CB106805)资助

摘　　要：生态界面是当前生态学研究的热点,农牧交错带是中国北方特有的生态过渡带,其内部存在大量的农田、草地镶嵌体形成的界面。该生态界面变化直接影响农牧交错带生态系统的功能发挥,及时掌握该交错带的生物和非生物生态因子的变化信息,是实现该地区可持续发展的首要条件。高光谱遥感技术以其光谱分辨率高、光谱划分精细、波段多、信息量丰富等独特性能用于不同领域,在农牧交错带生物与非生物生态界面研究方面有巨大的应用潜力和前景。文章介绍了高光谱遥感技术的原理、生态界面、植被、土壤等方面的光谱应用,并对其应用在北方农牧交错带大气气候研究应用的前景进行了展望。Studies of ecological boundaries are important and have become a rapidly evolving part of contemporary ecology. The ecotones are dynamic and play several functional roles in ecosystem dynamics, and the changes in their locations can be used as an indicator of environment changes, and for these reasons, eeotones have recently become a focus of investigation of landseape ecology and global climate change. As the interest in ecotone increases, there is an increased need for formal techniques to detect it. Hence, to better study and understand the functional roles and dynamics of ecotones in ecosystem, we need quantitative methods to characterize them. In the semi-arid region of northern China, there exists a farming-pasturing transition resulting from grassland reclamation and deforestation. With the fragmentation of grassland landscape, the structure and function of the grassland ecosystem are changing. Given this perspective; new-image processing approaches are needed to focus on transition themselves. Hyperspectral remote sensing data, compared with wide-band remote sensing data, has the advantage of high spectral resolution. Hyperspectral remote sensing can be used to visualize transitional zones and to detect ecotone based on surface properties （e. g. vegetation, soil type, and soil moisture etc）. In this paper, the methods of hyperspectral remote sensing information processing, spectral analysis and its application in detecting the vegetation classifications, vegetation growth state, estimating the canopy biochemical characteristics, soil moisture, soil organic matter ete are reviewed in detail. Finally the paper involves further application of hyperspectral remote sensing information in research on local climate in ecological boundary in north farming-pasturing transition in China.

关 键 词：高光谱遥感 农牧交错带 生态界面 植被 土壤 

分 类 号：S28[农业科学—农业水土工程]