二价镉对梨形环棱螺毒理效应的研究  

Studies on toxicological effects of cadmium in Bellamya purificata

作　　者：侯建军[1,2,3,4] 张清顺[3] 熊邦喜[3] 邹桂伟[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水生态与健康养殖重点开放实验室/中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,湖北荆州434000 [2]湖北师范学院生命科学学院,湖北黄石435002 [3]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070 [4]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2009年第3期54-62,共9页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：中国博士后基金项目(20060400854);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30470342);中国水产科学研究院淡水生态与健康养殖重点开放实验室项目(2007FEA0205);中国水产科学研究院内陆渔业生态环境和资源重点开放实验室项目(YM2007-03));湖北师范学院创新团队项目及人才基金项目资助(2008F14)

摘　　要：为评价Cd^2＋对梨形环棱螺的毒理效应,采用暴露重金属的方法,研究了不同质量浓度氯化镉（Cd^2＋分别为0、0.05、0.10、0.20和0.50 mg/L）在不同暴露时间（0-14 d）下对梨形环棱螺几种抗氧化酶活性及氧化损伤的影响。结果显示：Cd^2＋对梨形环棱螺肝脏和鳃中过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶（GST）、还原性谷胱甘肽（GSH）和丙二醛（MDA）均有显著影响,表现为动态变化过程,并有明显的时间剂量效应;螺肝脏和鳃组织中DNA单链断裂程度随暴露的剂量增加而增加;肝脏在暴露的前4 d内,DNA完整性（F比值）一直下降,鳃组织在暴露的第1天时,DNA损伤显著或极显著,随后F值上升,显示断裂的DNA有一定程度的修复,然后DNA单链断裂程度继续加重,F值持续下降,直至第14天。结论：低浓度的Cd^2＋暴露可引发梨形环棱螺的氧化应激和脂质过氧化。上述指标对Cd^2＋污染敏感,可以作为Cd^2＋污染监测的生物标志物。An experiment was conducted to study the effects of cadmium chloride （Cd^2＋ ） on the antioxidant enzyme activities of the Bellamya purificat, such as superoxide dismatase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, glutathione S-transferase （GST）, concentrations of glutathione（GSH） and malonyldialdehyde （MDA） at different concentrations （Cd^2＋ , 0 mg/L, 0.05,0.10,0.20 and 0.50 mg/L） and different exposure time （0- 14 d）. The results showed that Cd^2＋ had significant influence on the concentrations of MDA and GSH, and enzymes activities of SOD, CAT and GST in both gills and livers of B. purificat, and such effects are significantly related to increased exposure time and dosage. The extent of DNA single-strand breaking in livers and gills of B. purificata increased with the increased concentrations of Cd^2＋ . The F value in liver decreased in the first 4 days, and it also decreased on the first day in gill. However, the F value increased after that, which indicated that there were some recovering of the breaking DNA, and then more breaking appeared,F value decreased constantly from the 7th day to the 14th day. The results suggested that the lower concentrations exposure of Cd^2＋ could induce the oxidative stress injury and lipid peroxidation in liver and gill of B. purificat, and all these parameters above were sensitive to the exposure of Cd^2＋ and could be used as biomarkers to evaluate the aquatic environment Cd^2＋ pollution and its ecological risk.

关 键 词：二价镉 氧化胁迫 DNA损伤 毒理效应 梨形环棱螺 

分 类 号：S949[农业科学—水产养殖] X1[农业科学—水产科学]