两级UASB-SBR处理高氨氮垃圾渗滤液的快速启动及稳定运行  

Start-up and Steady Operation of Two Stage UASB-SBR New Process for Treatment of Real Landfill Leachate of High Strength Ammonia-Nitrogen

作　　者：孙洪伟[1] 彭永臻[1] 时晓宁[1] 王淑莹[1] 张树军[1] 杨庆[1] 陈莹[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室,北京100124 [2]四川大学建筑与环境学院,成都610065

出　　处：《环境科学》2009年第6期1681-1688,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2006AA06Z319);国家自然科学基金项目(50778005);北京市自然科学基金项目(8062006)

摘　　要：在严格控制试验条件的基础上,首次采用缺氧/厌氧UASB-SBR生化系统处理高氨氮垃圾渗滤液.结果表明,经过5个阶段（116 d）的连续运行,获得了稳定的工艺性能.在进水COD为1 237.2-12 596.8 mg/L的条件下,出水COD稳定在108.4-528.26 mg/L;在进水NH4＋-N为155.8-1 298.0 mg/L的条件下,出水NH4＋-N稳定在0.12-4.1 mg/L,实现了有机物及氨氮的深度去除.SBR采用硝化出水回流的运行方式,对原水既有一定的稀释作用,又可使富含NOx--N的硝化液借助原水中丰富的有机碳源在缺氧UASB内进行反硝化,实现生物脱氮及降解有机物的双重目的.缺氧UASB1、厌氧UASB2和SBR反应器的OLRmax（以COD计）分别为13、2.09、2.14 kg/（m3.d）.UASB1、UASB2和SBR的OLR与相应的OLRrem均呈现较好的线性关系.SBR的NLR（以氮计）与NLRrem也呈现较好线性相关.此外,3个反应器的OLR与去除率（η）呈二次相关.另外,SBR实现了氨氮的真正去除.整个试验过程中,SBR反应器在室温下运行,硝化阶段溶解氧低于1.0 mg/L,进水温度从20.7℃逐渐降低至10.3℃,SBR的硝化率和反硝化率始终维持在98.5%和97.7%以上,实现了深度脱氮.Under the well-controlled experimental conditions, the biological treatability of real municipal landfill leachate with high strength nitrogen and high chemical oxygen demand （COD） concentration using anoxic/anaerobie upflow anaerobic sludge bed （UASB） -sequencing batch reactor （SBR）combined process was conducted in laboratory. The results indicated： stable anoxic/anaerobic UASB-SBR process performance was developed during running continuously for five phase（ 116 d） when feed COD concentration was range from 1 237.2 mg/L to 12 596.8 mg/L, effluent COD concentration was between 108.4 mg/L and 528.26 rag/L, and when the influent ammonia nitrogen （NH4＋ -N） was changed from 155.8 mg/L to 1 298.0 mg/L, the effluent NH4＋ -N was varied from 0.12 mg/L to 4.1 mg/L, it achieved high COD and NH4＋ -N removal efficiency. In this present study, it is noted that the anoxie UASB1 has two significant effects： firstly, denitrification reaction of high efficiency was conducted for SBR nitrified effluent reeiroulated by using the abundant organic matters in the raw leachate as carbon source. Secondly, its removal COD was highly effected by anaerobic biodegradation. The effluent COD of anoxic UASB1 was biodegraded further in the anaerobic UASB2 and aerobic SBR, the maximum organic loading rates （OLR） （as COD） were 13.0, 2.09, 2.14 kg/（ m3·d）, respectively. In addition, the correlation between OLR with OLRrem and COD removal efficiency of three reactors was studied, relation between nitrogen loading rate （NLR） with NH4＋-N removal efficiency of SBR was tested by linear regression analysis, it was found that the OLR of anoxic UASB1, anaerobic UASB2 and aerobic SBR increased linearly with OLRrem. As to SBR, the correlation was significant between NLR （as N） with NLRrem. In addition, the OLR of three reactors shows second order exponential correlation with COD removal efficiency. At last, when the water temperature of SBR ranged from 20.7℃ to 10.3℃, and dissolved oxygen was controll

关 键 词：垃圾渗滤液 高氨氮 深度脱氮 缺氧/厌氧UASB SBR 启动 低溶解氧 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]