景泰绿洲边缘荒漠草地土壤特征研究  

Study on the soil properties of desert grassland in the edge of Jingtai oasis

作　　者：陶雪松[1] 闫月娥[1] 周晓雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省林业调查规划院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《草业科学》2009年第6期29-34,共6页Pratacultural Science

摘　　要：为合理利用荒漠草地资源．对景泰绿洲边缘荒漠草地植被及土壤养分（0～150cm土层）特性进行了较系统研究。结果表明．景泰荒漠绿洲边缘荒漠草地可分为砾质荒漠草地、砂质荒漠草地和盐渍化荒漠草地亚类。砾质荒漠草地亚类植物生长条件差．表现为土层薄、结构差、养分含量低、水分少；主要植物群落类型有红砂Reaumuria songarica群落、猫头刺Oxytropis aciphyllavar．群落、霸王Zygophyllum xanthoxylon群落、甘蒙锦鸡儿Caragana opulen群落、膜果麻黄Ephedra przewalskii群落和绵刺Potaninia mongolica群落．植被盖度一般小于30％。砂质荒漠草地亚类以沙土为主，土壤水分差，土壤有机质、氮、磷、钾等养分含量都低于砾质草地亚类的养分含量；主要植物群落有白刺Nitraria tangulorum群落和沙蒿Artemisia desevtorum＋甘蒙锦鸡儿；植被盖度介于17．5％～32．6％．产草量低。盐渍化荒漠草地亚类土层深厚．土壤水分含量和盐分含量高；主要植物群落类型有盐爪爪Kalidium foliatum群落和芦苇Phragmites australis群落；植被盖度高这55％．一般为30％～45％．草层高度可达48．8cm；此类草地由于避风低暖，产草量高．多为家畜冬春放牧地和割草地。In order to properly utilize the desert grassland resources, the vegetation characters and soil nutrition （0 to 150 cm） of desert grassland in the edge of Jingtai oasis were studied. The results showed that the desert grassland in Jingtai could be divided into 3 subtypes, including gravelly soil desert grassland, sandy soil desert grassland and salty soil desert grassland. The soil nutrition （organic matter, total N, total P, total K, available P, available K and soil moisture） was poor. Gravelly desert grassland had thin soil profile, poor construction, lower nutrient and water contents. The dominant communities were Reaumuria songarica , Oxytropis aciphylla var. aciphylla ＋ Caragana opu- lens, Artemisia desertorurn and Potaninia rnongolica. The vegetation coverage was less than 30%. As for the sandy desert grassland, its soil profile was thin and the nutrient contents were lower than gravelly and salty desert grassland. And its main communities were Nitraria tangutorurn and C. opulens ＋ A. desertorurn with 17.5% to 32.6% of coverage. Salty desert grassland has deeper soil profile, higher soil moisture and salt contents. The main communities were Kalidium foliaturn ＋ Phragmites australis. The coverage was as high as 55% （normally from 30% to 45%） and this type of grassland was used as winterpring pasture.

关 键 词：景泰绿洲 荒漠草地 植被特性 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]