太白山自然保护区森林覆被变化及破碎化分析  

Analysis of the Changes of Forest Coverge and Fragmentation in Taibai Mountain Nature Reserve

作　　者：孙菲菲[1] 康永祥[1] 刘婧辉[1] 张宝库[1] 代栓发[2] 何小军[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]太白山国家级自然保护区管理局,陕西宝鸡723300

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2009年第4期27-31,共5页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2007BAC03A02-06-03)

摘　　要：本研究旨在分析太白山国家级自然保护区12a间的森林动态变化和景观破碎化状况。本文以1988年的TM和2002年的ETM＋遥感图像为主要信息源，以Erdas Imagine为图像信息处理工具，并应用ARCGIS和FRAGSTATS对太白山自然保护区森林植被状况进行分析，获得森林覆被变化信息及景观指数信息。结果表明：桦木林、太白红杉林、灌丛草甸、非林地的面积比重有所降低，其中桦木林面积比重变化幅度最大（54％～34．5％）；栎林、巴山冷杉林和针阔叶混交林面积比重都有所增加；研究时期内，保护区的斑块总数由3822增加到6691（增加了75．1％），森林平均斑块面积（MPS）由1988年的14．7hm^2降低到2000年的8．4hm^2，斑块密度（PD）迅速增加（6．8增加到12），这表明保护区的景观开始呈现出破碎化的倾向。本文认为森林管理者应该在对保护区森林旅游资源开发利用的同时，努力提高区域森林质量及景观多样性，使森林空间格局更为合理。This study aimed at analyzing forest dynamic changes and landscape fragmentation situation of Taibai Mountain National Nature Reserve between in 12 years. Data were collected from Landsat TM of 1988 and Landsat ETM＋ of 2000 to get forest cover information and analyze forest landscape metrics by Geographical ArcGIS, Erdas Imagine and FRAGSTATS. The results showed that the area proportion of birch forest, Larix chinensis forest, shrub meadow, non-forest land decreased, and the birch forest had the biggest proportion change amplitude（54%-34.5%）. The area proportion of oak forest, mixed forest and Abies fargesii forest increased slightly. The total number of patches increased from 3 822 to 6 691 （75.1%）, and mean size of forest patch （MPS） decreased from 14.7 hm^2 to 8.4 hm^2 during 13 year period. The rapid reduction of MPS led to the rapid increase of patch density （PD）（6.8 to 12）. These indicated that the landscape of the nature reserve began to exhibit a fragmentation trend. It was pointed out that forest managers should make efforts to improve forest quality and landscape diversity, and make sure the forest spatial structure becomes more reasonable.

关 键 词：森林景观 破碎化分析 GIS 森林覆被变化 RS 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]