莲纤维的脱胶及其性能  

Degumming of lotus fiber and its property

作　　者：张宏伟[1] 李永兰[1] 李南[1] 王明芳[1] 袁红萍[1] 邵东锋[1] 黄艳丽[1] 陈东生[2] 

机构地区：[1]常州纺织服装职业技术学院纺化系,江苏常州213164 [2]闽江学院服装与艺术工程系,福建福州350108

出　　处：《纺织学报》2009年第6期66-71,共6页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：常州市新型纺织材料重点实验室建设资助项目(CM2008304);常州市科技局工业科技攻关计划项目(CE2007073)

摘　　要：以食用藕的荷叶茎秆为原料,采用河水浸渍和碱煮脱胶的方法制取莲纤维。对莲纤维的组成成分、回潮率、密度、线密度、强度、断裂伸长率等性能指标进行测试分析;结合IR、XRD、SEM等测试方法,对莲纤维的组成成分和结构进行分析和表征。结果表明,所制取的莲纤维组成成分与黄麻相似,属于天然纤维素纤维。得出最优的碱煮精制工艺为:NaOH质量浓度10 g/L,温度100℃,时间3 h。精制莲纤维具有一定的纺纱性能,平均直径317μm,线密度55.8 dtex,强度1.76 cN/dtex,强度变异系数40.2%,断裂伸长率7.84%,但还有待于进一步细化和增强。Take the edible lotus leaf and stalk as raw material, lotus fiber was produced by degumming methods such as river retting and sodium hydroxide boiling. The components and properties of the fiber, such as moisture regain, density, linear density, strength and break elongation, were tested. Infrared spectroscopy （IR）, X-ray diffractometer （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM） were used to characterize the components and structure of lotus fiber. The results show that the components of obtained lotus fiber are similar to those of jute, and belong to natural cellulose fiber, The optimized sodium hydroxide boiling technology for the fiber： NaOH concentration is 10 g/L, boiling at 100 ℃ for 3 hours. The produced lotus fiber, with diameter 317 μm, linear density 55.8 dtex, strength 1.76 cN/dtex, strength variation coefficient 40.2% and break elongation 7.84%, is spinnability. However, the fiber＇s linear density and strength should be improved further.

关 键 词：莲纤维 脱胶 性能 成分 

分 类 号：TS102.528[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]