钙在乙烯促进网纹甜瓜果实软化过程中的作用  

Effects of Calcium on Ethylene-promoted Muskmelon Soften

作　　者：李天来[1] 吕双双[1] 许传强[1] 吴志刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,辽宁省设施园艺重点实验室,沈阳110161 [2]辽宁省农业科学院花卉研究所,沈阳110161

出　　处：《园艺学报》2009年第6期821-828,共8页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家‘十一五’科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD07B04)

摘　　要：以网纹甜瓜为试材,通过测定果实硬度、呼吸速率、乙烯释放量、1-氨基环丙烷基羧酸(ACC)含量及ACC合成酶(ACS)和ACC氧化酶(ACO)的活性,研究钙在乙烯促进网纹甜瓜果实软化过程中的调控作用。结果表明:采用浓度为0.5%外源硝酸钙处理1h和10μL·L-1外源乙烯处理24h,乙烯处理可提高网纹甜瓜果实中水溶性钙含量,降低果胶酸钙的含量,提高果实的呼吸速率,缩短呼吸跃变高峰出现的时间,并通过提高ACC含量以及ACS和ACO活性,提高了乙烯释放量;先乙烯处理后增施钙可进一步提高水溶性钙含量并降低果胶酸钙的含量和提高呼吸速率、ACC含量、ACS和ACO活性以及乙烯释放量。但单施钙可明显提高果实中果胶酸钙的含量,推迟降低了呼吸速率,推迟ACC含量、ACS和ACO活性峰值出现的时间及峰度值,从而降低了果实的乙烯释放量;而与单用钙处理相比,先钙后乙烯处理在一定程度上提高了呼吸速率、ACO活性和乙烯释放量,但是以上各指标仍低于对照。由此可见,钙虽然具有延缓网纹甜瓜果实软化的作用,但可促进乙烯诱导条件下网纹甜瓜果实的软化。Changes of flesh firmness, respiration rate, ethylene production, 1-aminocyelopropane-1 -carboxylic acid （ACC） content, ACC synthetase （ACS） and ACC oxidase （ACO） activities of posiharvest muskmelon were studied in order to research the regulation of calcium on ethylene-promoted muskmelon soften. The results showed that we used the 0. 5% calcium nitrate treated for 1 h and 10μL.L^-1 ethylene treated for 24 h. The treatment of exogenous ethylene raised the soluble calcium of flesh, reduced the pectin-acid calcium content, heightened the respiration rate, accelerated the climacteric, increased ACC content, ACS and ACO activities, and induced an increase in ethylene production. Ethylene （Eth） ＋ Ca treatment was able to further increase above parameters of ethylene treatment. In reverse, exogenous applied calcium were heightened the pectin-acid calcium content, reduced the respiration rate, the ACC content, ACS and ACO activity peaks and decreased the peak values. Moreover, Ca ＋ Eth treatment could accelerated to some extent the respiration rate, ACO activity and ethylene production, but the growth rate of above parameters of Ca ＋ Eth treatment were lower than the calcium treatment. Therefore, though calcium can apparently delay the soften process of muskmelon, it promoted the muskmelon soften induced by ethylene.

关 键 词：网纹甜瓜 钙 乙烯 软化 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学] Q945[农业科学—园艺学]