三种中药提取物对桃褐腐菌(Monilinia fructicola)的抑菌作用  

Fungistasis of Three Kinds of Chinese Herbs Extracts against Monilinia fructicola

作　　者：杨金凤[1] 李鹤[1] 刘素花[1] 胡海文[1] 刘正坪[1] 赵晓燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农学院植物科学技术系,北京102206

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2009年第12期188-194,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：北京市教委资助项目"拮抗细菌对桃褐腐病的生防机制研究"(KM200710020003);北京市教委资助项目"设施新生有害生物防控技术研究平台"(PXM2008-014207-055664);北京市农委资助项目"动植物重要病害绿色防治新技术的试验示范"(20060119);北京农学院引进人才科研启动基金"桃褐腐病菌细胞壁降解酶基因克隆及在致病过程中的作用";北京市科委区县专项2006"植物源杀螨活性物质研究"

摘　　要：为筛选出对桃褐腐病菌具有抑制作用的中草药抑菌活性物质,采用三次浸渍提取法对中草药进行提取,通过菌丝生长速率法、单位面积产孢量计算法和凹玻片悬低法进行抑菌活性测定,再经过光学显微镜观察抑菌活性物质对桃褐腐菌的形态、结构的破坏作用,结果标明:黄芩、甘草和威灵仙的4种溶剂提取物对桃褐腐病菌(M.fructicola)均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中黄芩丙酮提取物和黄芩80%乙醇提取物的抑制作用较强,抑菌率达到80%以上,对菌丝细胞有明显的破坏作用,且能够抑制分生孢子的产生与萌发;同时对供试的16种植物病原真菌也有不同程度的抑制效果,抑菌谱较广。说明黄芩丙酮和黄芩80%的乙醇提取液中均含有抗菌成分。In order to screen the antifungal activity material against Monilinia fructicola from Chinese herbs, three-time-impregnation was used to extract the active material. The antifungal activity was determined by mycelium growth rate, sporulation per unit area and germination rate on slide. The mycelium morphology of M. fructicola was observed by microscope. The results showed that four kinds of solvent extracts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi all can inhibit the growth of M. fructicola in content. Acetone and 80% ethanol extracts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch inhibited the growth of M. fructicola most with the inhibition rate of 80%. Both the two kinds of extraction can destructd the mycelium morphology of M. fructicola distinctly, inhibit the conidial production and germination, and inhibit the of 16 plant pathogenic fungi tested.

关 键 词：中草药提取物 桃褐腐病菌 抑菌作用 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]