黄土高原残塬沟壑区梯田土壤重金属分布特征  

Heavy Metal Distribution Feature in Terrace Soil on the Loess Gullied-Hilly Area

作　　者：张玉斌[1,2] 曹宁[1] 佘雕[2] 吴发启[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学植物科学学院,长春130062 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2009年第12期252-256,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"黄土高原水土流失综合治理工程关键支撑技术研究"(2006BAD09B01);吉林大学农学部引进人才启动基金项目"东北典型黑土区侵蚀环境下土壤退化及恢复过程和生态健康评价"(430505010299);公益性行业(农业)科研专项"最佳养分管理技术研究与应用"(200803030)

摘　　要：对黄土高原残塬沟壑区梯田土壤中的重金属分布特征进行了探讨,发现除铜处于污染临界值外,其它重金属如汞、砷、铬、镍、锌的土壤含量基本达到一级标准。随种植时间的增长土壤中重金属的含量也随着积累,在坡耕地中除汞和锌外,其它重金属在土壤中的含量随着坡度的增大而减少。在表层土壤中重金属汞、铜、锌、镍和砷的含量由大到小的次序为:果园>麦田>坡地,而铬在表层土壤中的含量大小次序为:麦田>坡地>果园。研究表明重金属在水平梯田中易累积,同时由于梯田果园长期大量使用农药、化肥,更容易累积有害元素,从而形成对土壤的污染,进而影响土壤质量。以后应加强对土壤质量的监测与防治,实现黄土高原地区果业、粮业的健康稳定发展。In southern Loess Plateau, approached the distributed status of heavy metals in terrace field in gullied-hilly area, discovered the soil contents of Cu come within critical value, and the soil content of other heavy metals such as Hg, As, Cr, Ni and Zn could reach the first soil quality standard. In the area, it was found that heavy metals＇ content in soil did not fit general regularity. With the growth of planting time, the contents of heavy metals accumulated and reduced with increasing of gradient. The contents of Hg, Cu, Zn, Ni and As in top soil of orchard terrace were bigger than those of cornfield and sloping field, but the content of Cr of cornfield was bigger than that of sloping field and orchard terrace. The results showed the heavy metal was easily accumulated in level terrace, especially in the orchard terrace. Monitoring and cure of soil quality should be studied to instruct apple and grain industry development continually on the Loess Plateau.

关 键 词：黄土高原 残塬沟壑区 梯田 重金属 分布特征 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]