温度和植物残体对紫色母岩发育的水稻土有机碳矿化的影响  

Effects of temperature and crop residues on the mineralization of organic carbon in purple paddy soil

作　　者：张薇[1] 高明[2] 王辉 郑杰炳 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园昆明分部,云南昆明650223 [2]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716 [3]云南省昆明农业气象试验站,云南昆明650228 [4]重庆地质矿产研究院,重庆400042

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2009年第3期578-583,共6页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B10-02);科技部科技支撑计划(2007BAD87B10;2008BABA7B09);重庆烟叶公司(2008YY01005)项目;重庆市自然科学基金项目(9066)资助

摘　　要：培养试验研究了2种温度下紫色水稻土有机碳的矿化特征以及添加不同植物残体对其矿化的影响。结果表明,62 d的培养过程中,有机碳累积矿化量在28℃条件下为C 66.79 mg/g,40℃条件下为C 86.99 mg/g,差异达到极显著水平。用一级动力学方程对植物残体的矿化速率进行拟合表明,28℃条件下,植物残体的分解速率常数(k)为蚕豆秸秆>玉米秸秆>水稻秸秆,而40℃条件下则为水稻秸秆>玉米秸秆>蚕豆秸秆。温度状况和植物残体化学组分的差异影响了紫色水稻土中有机碳的动态变化,最终导致了碳累积矿化量的差异。This study aimed toward better understanding of characteristics of the mineralization of organic carbon in purple paddy soil affected by temperature, which is one of the important determinants of organic carbon accumulation and decomposition in paddy fields. Soil samples from the Long-term Experimental Farm of Southwest University, Chongqing, China （30°26′ N, 106°26′ E, alt. 230m） were incubated for 62 days under 2 temperature treatments, 28 ℃ and 40 ℃, and mixed with 3 crop residues, faba bean （ Vicia faba ） residue, rice （ Oryza sativa ） residue and maize （ Zea mays ） residue, respectively. The results indicate that accumulative mineralized amount of CO2 -C are C 66.79 mg/g and C 86.99 mg/g at 28℃ and 40℃, respectively. The accumulative mineralized amounts of CO2-C at 40℃ are significantly higher than those at 28℃ （p 〈 0.01）. The mineralization rate of the crop residues could be quantitatively described by the first-order kinetics equation. The decomposition rate constants （k） of the crop residues are in the order of faba bean residue 〉 maize residue 〉 rice residue at the 28 ℃ treatment, and rice residue 〉 maize residue 〉 faba bean residue at the 40℃ treatment. In summary, the carbon dynamics is affected by significant differences in temperature and in chemical composition of crop residues.

关 键 词：温度 碳矿化 植物残体 紫色水稻土 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]