可变电压处理器的最优动态电压选择算法  

Optimal dynamic voltage selection algorithm for variable voltage processors

作　　者：刘惠[1] 陈平[1] 杜军朝[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学软件工程研究所,陕西西安710071

出　　处：《西安电子科技大学学报》2009年第3期486-490,540,共6页Journal of Xidian University

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究重点项目资助(109144);国家自然科学基金资助(60803152);陕西省外国专家局留学人员科技活动择优资助(SLZ2008009)

摘　　要：对于电池供电的嵌入式系统,已有研究考虑了理想的具有连续可变电压的处理器模型,而真实的可变电压处理器仅具有离散的电压等级.针对运行在真实的可变电压处理器上的实时嵌入式应用,提出了一种最优电压选择算法,使得在不违背给定应用执行时限的前提下系统能耗最少.与已有的启发式算法不同,最优电压选择算法将该节能调度问题转化为多选则背包问题的变种,并提出一种动态规划算法,该算法可以求得最优解.通过在真实嵌入式应用上实验比较几种电压调度策略表明,在不违背给定时限的条件下,新算法的能耗最小.For battery-based embedded systems, how to save energy and extend the systems＇ life time is one of the most important problems. Existing research work considers the ideal processors that have a continuous variable voltage. However, practical processors only have discrete voltage levels. Therefore, for hard real-time embedded applications runing on practical dynamic voltage-scaling processors, this paper proposes an optimal voltage selection algorithm to obtain the minimum energy consumption of these applications without violating the given time constraint. Different from those existing heuristic algorithms, the energy-aware voltage selection problem is first formulized as a variation of the multiplechoice knapsack problem, and then an algorithm based on the dynamic programming technique is proposed to solve this problem. By comparing several voltage selection strategies on real embedding systems, experimental results show that our algorithm can obtain the minimum energy consumption without violating the given time constraint of the emmbedding application.

关 键 词：动态电压缩放 节能 动态规划 可变电压处理器 

分 类 号：TP316[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]