航天发射塔安全可靠性检测评估方法与试验研究  

Theoretical and Experimental Research on the Method to Measure and Assess the Security and Reliability of the Spacecraft Launch Towers

作　　者：伊善贞[1] 孙雅度[1] 刘占卿[1] 刘晓华[1] 黄伟[1] 韩凌[1] 尹续峰[1] 陈方明[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京特种工程设计研究院,北京100028

出　　处：《宇航学报》2009年第3期1282-1286,共5页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：总装备部航天地面设备科研试验项目专项

摘　　要：以嫦娥一号卫星拟用发射塔架等为研究对象,探索航天发射塔架的安全可靠性检测评估基本原理、主要内容、试验技术方法、数据处理手段、以及综合评估流程等一系列理论与技术问题。运用有限元分析、应力应变测试、动力学模态试验、材料力学试验、无损检测技术等手段,对塔架主要钢结构的焊缝、连接、材料力学性能和锈蚀状况进行了全面检测;对塔体、吊车和回转平台钢结构进行了静力学测试和动力学模态试验;对导流槽和塔架混凝土基础的沉降、碳化和强度进行了检测。提出回转平台超低速滚动轴承的"冲击脉冲法变参数试验"和"指标筛选试验"不解体检测评估新方法。将测试数据、运行历史数据和仿真计算结果进行数据融合处理,确定了发射塔架和回转平台现役轴承的剩余使用年限。检测评估研究成果,对降低发射塔架的适应性改造费用,提高发射场地面设备的任务可靠性和科学化管理水平发挥了重要作用。Took Chang＇ E1 launch towers as the test objects, a series of theoretical and technical items about how to assess the security and reliability of them were studied, such as the fundamentals on how to measure and assess them, the adequate testing contents to obtain conclusions, the strategy to carry out the tests, the method to deal with the data, and the process to evaluate the security and reliability, et al. Using the Finite Element Method （FEM） analysis, the stress-strain test, the modal analysis test, the material mechanics tests, and the Non-destructive Evaluation （NDE） technology, we carried out an overall inspection covering the welding seam, the joint blots, the materials an their corrosion state for the launch towers. Static and kinetics tests for the main structure and that of the tower hoist and the revolving platforms of the launch towers were fulfilled. The sedimentation, charring layer, and the strength of the concrete of the deflector tunnel and the tower ground base were measured. Non-disassembly methods to diagnose the ultraslow rotating rolling bearings of the launch tower platforms, which consist of a series of varying param- eter experiments using the famous Sock Pulse Method （SPM） and a SPM index selective test, were brought out. According to the test results, the theoretical analysis data, and the operating log and maintenance records of the tested objects, we carried out a systematic study on how to evaluate the security and reliability state of the launch towers, much basic data were obtained. The esti- mated remaining life of the launch towers and that of the rolling bearings of the launch tower platforms were ascertained. Data and conclusions obtained from the experiments made great contribution to save expenses for the adaptive improvements and modifica- tions of the launch site Ground Support Equipment（GSE） to launch the Chang＇ E1 satellite, to improve the mission reliability, and to enhance the management and maintenance level of the launch site GSE.

关 键 词：航天发射场 安全性 可靠性 检测评估 嫦娥一号 月球探测 设备管理 

分 类 号：V551.5[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] V553.21