祁连山青海云杉林不同海拔梯度土壤水分动态变化  

Research on Soil Water Dynamics along an Elevation Gradient in Picea crassifolia Forestry Lands in Qilian Mountains

作　　者：张涛[1] 车克钧[1,2] 王辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学林学院,兰州730070 [2]白龙江林业管理局,兰州730050

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2009年第5期1107-1111,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(30230290);国家林业局项目"祁连山森林生态系统定位研究"(200109)

摘　　要：通过对祁连山排露沟小流域土壤水分动态的长期定位观察,比较分析了不同海拔青海云杉林地土壤不同深度的含水量变化。结果表明,不同海拔青海云杉林地异质性不同,海拔2 700 m青海云杉林地土壤含水量时间异质性>2 900 m青海云杉林>3 100 m青海云杉林>3 300 m青海云杉林(变异系数分别为23.38%、13.64%、10.49%、9.05%);不同海拔青海云杉林地土壤水分随土壤剖面深度的增加呈不同程度的降低趋势,土壤含水量变异系数随土壤深度有递减的趋势,在苔枯层和0～10cm的土层范围内,土壤含水量的变异系数最高而且较为集中;相同土壤层次土壤含水量随海拔升高递增,3 300 m处年平均土壤含水量是2 700 m处的2.6倍;土壤持水量的动态变化与土壤水分动态变化基本一致,相同土壤层次土壤持水量随海拔升高递增,80 cm以上土层持水量以3 300 m海拔最高,为279.56±56.03 mm(平均值±标准差),其他依次为3 100 m海拔(278.89±44.34 mm)、2 900 m海拔(214.71±37.77 mm)、2 700 m海拔(118.21±21.24 mm)。The soil water dynamics was studied along different elevation in Picea crassifolia forestry lands in Qilian Mountains. The resuhs showed that temporal heterogeneity of soil water at different elevation was different, the order of temporal heterogeneity was elevation 2 700m〉2 900m〉3 100m〉3 300m （The coefficient of variation （CV） was 23.38%,13.64%,10.49%, 9.05% respectively ）.Both soil water and CV was depressed to a extent with increase of soil depth at different elevation. The CV was not only maximal but relatively mass at deadwood layer and in the range of 0-10cm soil depth. The soil water was increased in same soil layer with increase of elevation, and the average soil water of elevation 3 300 m was 2.6 times compared with elevation 2 700m.The amount of stored water was increased in same soil layer with increase of elevation, and the maximal value （279.56±56.03mm） was at elevation 3 300 m, the second one （214.71±37.77mm） was at 3 100 m. At 2900m and 2700m, the values were 214.71±37.77mm,118.21±21.24mm in turn.

关 键 词：祁连山 青海云杉 海拔梯度 土壤水分动态 

分 类 号：S152.72[农业科学—土壤学]