浓硫酸泼溅皮肤应急洗消的研究  

Emergent Decontaminations of Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Splashed on Skin

作　　者：王慧飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民武装警察部队学院消防工程系,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2009年第3期127-130,共4页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目资助(2006BAK08B02)

摘　　要：目的酸泼溅到皮肤后争取时间,选择合适洗消剂冲洗,对后期的治疗和康复影响很大。方法通过敌腐特灵、碳酸氢钠溶液和水对浓硫酸进行体外和家兔皮肤烧伤洗消研究。结果不管哪种洗消剂,洗消时伤者都会感到创面温度升高,碳酸氢钠溶液和水冲洗烧伤创面易造成热力学烧伤;碳酸氢钠溶液消耗量最少,创面愈合较慢;水用量最大,平衡pH效果最差,且易使皮肤组织脱落,不利于创面愈合;敌腐特灵消耗量是碳酸氢钠溶液的2倍,创面温度较低,降温快,对皮肤组织保护作用显著,创面愈合最快,效果最好,但价格较贵。结论等待时间越长,皮肤烧伤越严重,争取时间比选择合适的洗消剂更重要。从洗消综合效果看,敌腐特灵略好于碳酸氢钠溶液,水冲洗不利于创面的愈合。Objective The appropriate decontamination way and use as early as possible play very important role in the improvement of treatment and rehabilitation of skin burning. The different decontamination ways were tested for this purpose. Methods Three decontaminants, Diphoterine, water and sodium bicarbonate were tested in vitro and rabbit skin to evaluate the aftereffects of decontamination of concentrated sulfuric acid. Results Firstly, the temperature of damaged skin surface increased no matter what kind of deeontaminants was used.. Secondly, both sodium bicarbonate solution and water rinsing could cause thermo burns easily. The amount of sodium bicarbonate use was least, but the trauma recovered slowly. The amount of water use was largest and water had less efficiency in balancing pH and easily caused the falling- off of the damaged skin, which did not favor healing. Thirdly, the amount of Diphoterine use was two times as the sodium bicarbonate use. The increased temperature of damaged skin surface decreased quickly soon and the trauma recovered mostly fast when Diphoterine was used. It showed effective protection of damaged skin though the cost is high Conclusion The burn is more serious with delaying of washing time. The washing time is primarily important factor. Diphoterine is better choice than sodium bicarbonate, while water does not favor treatment and rehabilitation of trauma.

关 键 词：洗消 敌府特灵 酸灼伤 硫酸 皮肤 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R644[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]