混合动力城市客车串联式制动能量回馈技术  

Series Regenerative Braking Technique for Hybird Electric Buses

作　　者：张俊智[1] 薛俊亮[1] 陆欣[1] 李波[1] 张鹏君[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2009年第6期102-106,共5页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划;2006AA11A102;2006AA11A185)资助项目

摘　　要：设计出一种新型的制动能量回馈系统及相应控制策略从而显著降低混合动力城市客车的油耗并保证车辆的制动安全。以某型混合动力城市客车为研究对象,基于开关阀和制动防抱系统(Anti-lock braking system,ABS)、驱动电动机以及蓄电池储能装置设计出一种新型串联式制动能量回馈系统,实现气压制动力和回馈制动力的协调控制、ABS系统与回馈制动系统的协调控制;基于Matlab/Simulink软件建立制动能量回馈系统的仿真模型,对制动能量回收系统在不同控制策略下进行中国典型城市公交循环的仿真分析;在基于dSPACE实时硬件平台及制动系统硬件组成的制动能量回馈试验台架上,测试分析回馈制动力与气压制动力以及ABS系统的协调控制关系。结果表明,所研发的制动能量回馈系统安全可靠,ABS系统能够独立工作而不受新增系统的影响;回馈制动力与摩擦制动力能很好地调节,最大限度地发挥能量回馈能力;能量回馈效果显著,中国典型城市公交循环的制动能量回收率在50%以上。A new type of regenerative braking system and corresponding control strategy are designed in order to decrease the fuel consumption of hybrid electric buses significantly and ensure brake safety. A new series regenerative braking system is designed based on high speed switch valve, ABS, driving motor, and battery energy storage device for the sake of coordinately controlled between mechanical braking and regenerative braking, and between ABS and RBS. All these are done on a series hybrid electric bus. The simulation model of objected bus with regenerative braking system is built by using Matlab/Simulink sottware and simulated on Chinese typical city bus driving cycle; Test bed of regenerative braking system is built with dSPACE and hardware of traditional air brake system, performances of coordinated control between mechanical braking and regenerative braking, and between ABS and RBS are tested on the test bed and analyzed. The result shows that the regenerative braking system is safe in braking process, ABS can work well without being disturbed by RBS; mechanical braking and regenerative braking are distributed accordingly relate to the command of control strategy, thus competence of RBS can be exploited farthest; and fuel consumption can be significantly decreased, more than half of the bus＇s kinetic energy （except for the rolling resistance, air resistance and other friction） can be recovered on Chinese typical city bus driving cycle.

关 键 词：制动能量回馈系统 混合动力城市客车 协调控制 气压制动 制动防抱系统 

分 类 号：U469[机械工程—车辆工程]