掌叶大黄种子灌浆动态及其发芽特性研究  

Studies on filling dynamic and germination characteristics of Rheum palmatum seeds

作　　者：石有太[1] 陈垣[1] 郭凤霞[2] 刘亚亚[1] 屠彩芸[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草业学报》2009年第3期178-183,共6页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2007BAI37B02-04);甘肃省科技攻关项目(2GS042-A43-013-06)资助

摘　　要：选用甘肃礼县种植的三年生掌叶大黄种株,在盛花期挂牌标记开花一致的植株,开花第10天开始通过定期测定籽粒千粒重、含水量和发芽率,对种子灌浆动态及其发芽特性进行研究,旨在为其种子标准化采收提供理论和技术依据。结果表明,三年生掌叶大黄千粒鲜重在开花后36 d达到最大,随后迅速下降到接近相应干重的水平。干重变化的趋势呈“S”型曲线,符合Logistic方程,快增期在花后13-36 d,灌浆速率呈“快-慢-快-慢”规律,因降雨出现2次低谷。籽粒脱水速率随灌浆进程加快,含水量持续下降。种子发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数在花后36d内随灌浆递进均显著提高,之后出现差异,其与籽粒干重均呈极显著正相关,而与含水量呈显著负相关。上述结果说明掌叶大黄籽粒灌浆速率受天气的影响大,籽粒脱水加快是种子成熟的标志,成熟度对种子发芽具有显著影响,采收期应在花后46-52 d（7月上旬）,种子含水率12%-16%,茎秆尚未枯萎时为最佳。Cards were hung as a flower sign in triennium Rheum palmatum plants cultivated in Li county of Gansu during blossom. The 1 000-grain weight, water content and seed germination in the plants were measured in period time after 10 d following the blossom day. Filling dynamic and germination characteristics of R. palmaturn seeds were studied in order to provide theoretic basis for its seed standard production. The results showed that the 1 000-grain fresh weight increased and got at the highest value on the 36th day following blossom, and then rapidly decreased to the level near its dry weight, which fitted to Logistic equation with a rapid increase during 13-36 d after blossom. The grain filling rate showed ‘fast-slow-fast-slow ’pattern and went to bottom two times because of raining. The grains dehydrated grown fast with filling duration prolong and the water content decreased to the end. The seed germination vigor, germination rate and germination index were significantly improved with filling duration prolong within 36 d after blossom but showed difference further long, which were positively and significantly related with grain dry weight while negatively and significantly related with water concentration. All above revealed that the seed filling is affected by weather. The fast dehydrating rate in seeds is an important indication for seed maturation and the maturity affects its seed germination quality. The best harvest time should be during 46-52 d following blossom （at the beginning of July） dur ing which the water content in the seeds should be 12%-16% with still non-perishing stems.

关 键 词：掌叶大黄 籽粒灌浆 发芽特性 采收期 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]