马尾松苗木生长和根系性状的GCA/SCA及磷素环境影响  

GCA/SCA of Seedling Growth and Root Parameters in Pinus massoniana and the Phosphorus Environment Influence

作　　者：赵颖[1] 周志春[1] 金国庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,富阳311400

出　　处：《林业科学》2009年第6期27-33,共7页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑"高产优质多抗松杉新品种选育"课题之"高产优质多抗马尾松新品种选育"专题(2006BAD01A1403);国家林业局948项目"林木营养遗传改良技术引进"(2006-4-59)

摘　　要：利用待测系经过GCA初步测定的15个马尾松测交系子代,设置低磷与高磷2个磷素水平的盆栽试验,研究马尾松苗木生长和根系参数的GCA/SCA相对重要性及磷素环境的影响。结果表明:不同磷素水平下马尾松测交系苗木生长和根系参数都达到极显著差异,受较强的遗传控制,全同胞遗传力在0.745～0.920。配合力分析结果显示,马尾松生长和根系性状较多地受母本GCA和SCA效应的影响,父本GCA效应则较小。高磷条件下马尾松苗木生长表现尤其是根系性状主要由非加性遗传控制,加性基因效应次之,选配分别来自南部和北部的优良育种亲本进行杂交制种,可以创制生长量大、根系发达的杂交新品种;低磷条件下苗木总根长、根表面积和根体积仍主要由非加性遗传控制,但低磷胁迫却改变了苗高、地径和侧根数的GCA/SCA相对重要性,与高磷水平比较,低磷下这3个性状的GCA效应明显增加而SCA效应明显减小。可通过加强总根长、根表面积和根体积等磷效率特异性指标的SCA育种,选育高磷效率的马尾松新品种。Fifteen tester strains of Masson Pine （ Pinus massoniana） were used to investigate the relative importance of GCA and SCA for seedling growth and root parameters with a potting experiment at low and high phosphorus levels. Results showed that the seedling growth and root parameters exhibited significant differences among the tester strains and were under strong genetic control with 0. 745 - 0. 920 fnll-sib family heritabilities at different phosphorus levels. It was found that the seedling growth and root traits were controlled more by GCA and female parent SCA than male SCA. At high phosphorus level, the seedling growth performance, and especially root traits were controlled mainly by non-additive gene effect, and also influenced by the additive gene effect. Hybridization between superior parents selected from the South and the North was able to generate new hybrid varieties with more developed roots and better growth performance. The total root length, root surface area and root volume were still genetically controlled by the non-additive gene effect at low phosphorus level, but the relative importance of GCA and SCA for seedling height, diameter and lateral root number at low phosphorus level were changed, whose GCA effect increased and SCA effect decreased obviously, compared with those at high phosphorus level. Therefore, new varieties with high phosphorus efficiency were able to be selected through the SCA breeding of specific indexes such as total root length, root surface area and root volume and so on.

关 键 词：马尾松 苗木 测交系 生长 根系参数 低磷胁迫 配合力 遗传力 

分 类 号：S718.46[农业科学—林学]