基于MCDA的乡村旅游开发布局与新农村建设  

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF RURAL TOURISM FOR CONSTRUCTION NEW COUNTRY BASED ON MCDA

作　　者：张红贤[1] 杨青生[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东技术师范学院管理学院,广州510665 [2]广东商学院旅游与环境学院,广州510230

出　　处：《人文地理》2009年第3期75-79,共5页Human Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(40301014);浙江省教育厅资助项目(20060637)

摘　　要：寻找科学的方法,研究乡村旅游业在区域空间的合理布局,通过旅游业带动经济欠发达地区农村的经济发展,能够很好的发挥旅游业在新农村建设中的重要作用。以宁波市为例,运用多准则决策分析(MCDA)、地理信息系统(GIS)技术,充分考虑旅游资源条件、区域经济发展水平、交通通达性和周围已经开发旅游区的基础上,研究建设新农村为需求的"市场导向、有资源条件、经济发展水平较低、交通不很便捷"地区优先发展乡村旅游业从而带动农村经济发展的空间布局模式。研究结果表明,以建设新农村为需求的乡村旅游业空间布局可以带动经济相对落后地区的新农村建设,多准则决策分析是乡村旅游业空间总体布局的一种有效方法。The study on the spatial distribution of rural tourism can provide scientific decision basis for constructing new country. Descriptive methods, like ＂pointaxis＂ theory, are usually used to analyze suitable tourism district. With the development of GIS, buffer analysis and overlay analysis are used to find suitable tourism district. Traditional ways of tourism spatial distribution have some limitations in quantifying priority zones of tourism development on small units, which can only produce the overall tourism distribution and simply judge whether zones are suitable to tourism development while the tourism development ranking with different decision objectives should be considered. This paper presents a way to distribute rural tourism in space by integrating Multi-criteria Decision Analysis （MCDA） and GIS. Different decision objectives can be obtained with MCDA. The paper argues that those countries with inconvenient traffic, undeveloped economy but better tourism resources should first develop their rural tourism in Ningbo City to advance their economy. Based on this, the paper calculates the tourism development priority utility of each town with MCDA and GIS. Data related to tourism development and economy are collected and stored with GIS, including tourism resources, economy, transport and developed tourism points in neighborhoods. All data can be managed with GIS by layers. In MCDA, each town is set to the evaluation units, and resource condition, transportation convenience, economic development condition and developed tourism districts in neighborhoods are set to evaluation criteria. After collecting all data of each evaluation unit, evaluation weights of criteria are decided by ranking methods. The ranking procedure is decided by expert systems. The paper measures the various weights to discover the characteristic of tourism development. Tourism priority development utility can then be calculated with decision rules of additive weighting methods. Towns which should first develop rural tourism can

关 键 词：乡村旅游 新农村建设 空间布局 多准则决策分析 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：F590[经济管理—旅游管理]