城市热岛对上海夏季高温热浪的影响  

Effect of Urban Heat Island on Heat Waves in Summer of Shanghai

作　　者：谈建国[1] 郑有飞[2] 彭丽[1] 顾松强[1] 史军[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海市城市环境气象中心,上海200135 [2]南京信息工程大学,江苏南京210044 [3]上海市气候中心,上海200030

出　　处：《高原气象》2008年第B12期144-149,共6页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划世博科技专项资助(2006BAK13B05);上海市科委项目(07DZ12075)共同资助

摘　　要：通过对1975—2004年夏半年（5-10月）上海市区及各区县共11个气象站逐日最高气温和近3年（2005—2007年）夏季（6-8月）市区和郊区6个自动气象站小时平均温度等资料进行对比分析,揭示了上海夏季城市热岛的演变特征及其对高温热浪的影响。结果表明：上海夏季城区和郊区各站点均表现出增温的趋势,但是增温趋势强度不一致。城市热岛效应引起的增温在城区远大于郊区。由于城市热岛的存在,表现出市中心比近郊区和远郊区具有更多的高温日数、更高的极端最高气温、更长的高温持续时间。然而,大范围的高温所占的比例却并不高。Using the data of daily maximum temperature at 11 stations in summer half-year （from June to October） in 1955--2004 and hourly mean temperature derived from 6 AWS urban, suburban and rural sites in Shanghai, the effect of increased urban heat island magnitude on heat waves in summer has been analyzed. It has been found that the mean maximum temperature, extreme temperature and hot days in summer measured at the urban and sub-urban sites all appeared increasing trends, with the largest value at urban site, larger one at suburban sites and the smallest one at the rural sites. Urban heat island induced temperature increase excesses the regional warming which lead to the more hot days, higher extreme temperature and longer duration, but the wide covered high temperature did not increase so much.

关 键 词：上海 城市热岛 高温热浪 

分 类 号：P423.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]