上海市95家铸造企业职业病危害现况及管理对策  

Status of Occupational Hazards and Management Strategies in 95 Foundry Enterprises in Shanghai

作　　者：戴云[1] 朱素蓉[1] 陈喆[1] 杨士兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市卫生局卫生监督所,上海200050

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2009年第3期290-292,共3页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]调查铸造企业的职业病危害状况及职业病防治工作现状,提出职业卫生管理对策。[方法]对上海市7个区县95家铸造企业的职业卫生管理制度、职业健康监护等现状进行问卷调查,并对主要职业病危害因素粉尘、噪声、高温进行监督检测。[结果]铸造行业从业人员中接触职业病危害的劳动者比例大,占30.67%;接触职业病危害劳动者参加职业健康体检率较高,为93.21%;作业岗位主要职业病危害因素粉尘的检测点合格率为86.37%,噪声的检测点合格率为77.83%,高温的检测点合格率为51.49%;检测超标岗位主要集中在铸造落砂、清理、熔炼、浇铸。[结论]上海市铸造企业的职业卫生管理状况基本符合监管要求,但尚未能全面达标;铸造行业的职业病潜在危害不容忽视,应继续加强职业卫生监督管理工作。[ Objective ] To investigate the status of occupational hazards and its prevention and control in foundry enterprises, and to propose a solution for the improvement of occupational health management. [ Methods ] Questionnaire survey of present situations of occupational health in 95 foundry enterprises from seven districts and counties in Shanghai was conducted, including occupational health management system, occupational health examination, mornitoring of the main occupational hazards such as dust, noise, high temperature in workplaces. [ Results ] The proportion of employee exposed to occupational hazards in foundry industry was 30.67%. The rate of employee participating in health examination exposed to occupational hazards was as higher as 93.21%. The compliance to health standard of detected level of occupational hazards at work sites was 86.37% for dust, 77.83% for noise and 51.49% for high temperature respectively. The lower compliance was mainly occurred at the work sites of casting shakeout, cleaning, melting, casting. [ Conclusion ] The occupational health management in foundry enterprise in Shanghai is in line with official regulatory requirements, but not fully achieved yet. Potential hazards of occupational diseases in foundry industry can not be ignored, continue to strengthen the inspection and management of occupational health is necessary.

关 键 词：铸造企业 职业病危害 现况调查 管理对策 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]