“诗人的民族”——论语言文学在德意志民族意识建构中的作用  

"A Nation of Poets":On the Role of Language and Literature in the Formation of the German National Consciousness

作　　者：李伯杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学外语学院德语系

出　　处：《国外文学》2009年第2期37-44,共8页Foreign Literatures

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"德国文化论"的阶段性成果;项目号08BGJ022

摘　　要：德国人被称为"诗人与思想家的民族",这固然说明德意志民族在文学上建树非凡,但同时也隐含着德国文学在历史进程中建构德意志民族意识的重要作用。德国历史上的分裂使德国缺乏一个文化中心,德意志人之间也只能通过语言和文学来相互认同。而德国社会中贵族对于市民的压制,使市民阶级只能假道于文学来建构自我意识及民族意识,以"文化修养"来提升自己的价值。文学的特殊作用也道出了德国人在历史上的无奈与悲哀。The Germans are known as “a nation of poets and thinkers”. This, on the one hand, shows the extraordinary accomplishments of the German people in literature and, on the other, implies the important role of German literature in the historical formation of the German national consciousness. The historical division of Germany led to the absence of a political and cultural centre, and the retarded development of German political culture resulted in the lack of an effective public sphere. Thus the German bourgeois class could only turn to literature for aid in constructing self-consciousness and national consciousness and enhancing their worth by “cultural refinement”. The halo of “a nation of poets” reflected the helplessness and sorrow of the German people in their history.

关 键 词：德语 德国文学 民族意识 认同 文化修养 

分 类 号：I516[文学—其他各国文学]