辽宁产中华大蟾蜍和花背蟾蜍蝌蚪形态特征的比较和分析  

Comparison and Analysis of Tadpoles between Bufo gargarizans and B.raddei from Liaoning

作　　者：廉静[1] 李丕鹏[1] 陆宇燕[1] 周正彦[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学中国特有两栖爬行动物繁育和保护研究中心,辽宁省生物进化与生物多样性重点实验室,沈阳110034

出　　处：《四川动物》2009年第4期499-504,F0004,共7页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No:30470206;3087070276)的支持

摘　　要：对中华大蟾蜍Bufogargarizans和花背蟾蜍B.raddei第36期蝌蚪外形和口部形态结构进行详细观察和描述,并进行了定量比较和分析。中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪体背观呈长卵圆形,全身黑褐色;尾呈桨形,背腹鳍透明无斑;唇齿式为2(2)/3(即Ⅰ:1+1/Ⅲ)。花背蟾蜍蝌蚪体背观呈卵圆形,体背面和侧面为灰黑色或深灰色,腹面灰色有金属光泽;尾呈纺锤形,背鳍近透明,其上有黑色细纹,腹鳍透明无色;唇齿式为2(2)/3(即Ⅰ:1+1/Ⅲ),个别为2(2)/3(1)(即Ⅰ:1+1/1+1:Ⅱ)。两种蟾蜍蝌蚪在体色、体型、尾色、尾型、口盘形态结构以及繁殖等方面有着明显区别。对辽宁和华西产的中华蟾蜍蝌蚪的分析表明两地蝌蚪在形态特征方面基本相同,显示出蝌蚪在种内的稳定性。编制了两种蟾蜍蝌蚪的简明检索表,供野外调查和监测参考。The external morphological and oral disc characteristics of Bufo gargarizans and B. raddei tadpole at stage 36 were described and analyzed in this article. The tadpole body of B. gargarizans is elongate oval and black in dorsal view, tail paddle-like, both dorsal and ventral fins translucent without pigment. LTRF （labial tooth row formula） is 2 （2）/3 （ viz. I ： 1 ＋ 1/Ⅲ）. The tadpole body of B. raddei is oval and gray-black or perse in dorsal and lateral views, and metalline shine in ventral view, the tail fusiform, dorsal fin developed and nearly translucent with black fine lines, ventral fin translu- cent. LTRF is 2 （2）/3 （ viz. I： 1 ＋ 1 / Ⅲ ）, few 2 （2）/3 （ 1 ） （ viz. I： 1 ＋ 1/1 ＋ 1 ： Ⅱ）. There are significant differences in shape and color and oral disc characteristics between B. gargarizans and B. raddei tadpoles, as well as difference in repro- duction. In discussion, the B. gargarizans tadpoles from Liaoning and West China were similar in morphological character- istics, which indicated that the B. gargarizans tadpoles were conservative in such two far-away distributed populations. And finally, the tadpole checklist of B. gargarizans and B. raddei were summarized to provide a useful tool in field monitoring and investigation.

关 键 词：中华大蟾蜍 花背蟾蜍 蝌蚪 形态 分类 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]