简论中国古代乡村社会的生活方式与移民模式  

Brief Study on the Life Style and the Emigrant Mode of Rural Community in Ancient China

作　　者：徐旺生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业博物馆,北京100125

出　　处：《古今农业》2009年第2期25-31,共7页Ancient and Modern Agriculture

摘　　要：不同民族文化类型有不同的生活方式。而生活方式与古代社会的移民模式之间存在非常密切的联系,因此决定了古代社会移民过程中,存在不同的移民模式。在研究中国传统农业社会的移民历史时,关于移民的缘起、过程与数量被学者们给予了足够的关注,但是生活方式与移民模式之间的关系则少有论及。中国古代生活方式,带有明显的食尽一山则移一山的特点,类似于荷花覆盖池塘现象,与欧洲生活方式老虎式圈套地显著不同,中国古代的移民行为主要为内调式,与西欧外部扩张式存在明显区别,这是由于中国古代的生活方式的作用之故。这也就决定了近代以来中国相对紧张的人地关系局面的形成。Different nation has different culture and different life style. There is a close relation between life style and emigrant mode, so there are different emigrant modes in the ancient community. Among the emigrant research of Chinese traditional agriculture history, scholars have paid much more attention to the origin, process and number of emigrant, but less attention to the relation between life style and emigrant mode. The Chinese life style of ancient community has the feature of ＂eating up a mountain then changing to another one＂ just like water lily＇ s covering ponds and this feature is quite different from the European style of ＂tiger＇ s occupying its own territory＂ . Therefore, contrasting with the European mode of the obvious aggressive outspread, the Chinese ancient emigrant mode is mainly the interior adjustment, which has gradually caused the tense situation between Chinese people and farming land since 1840.

关 键 词：古代社会 生活方式 移民模式 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]