四川省绵阳市地震灾区临时安置点居民健康教育状况及需求  

Status of health education in temporary settlements in earthquake-stricken areas of Mianyang, Sichuan, and needs for health education of the residents there

作　　者：聂雪琼[1] 李英华[1] 钱玲[1] 马昱[1] 孟宪鹏[1] 张继彬[1] 陶茂萱[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,北京100011

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2009年第2期71-73,共3页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解地震灾区临时安置点居民灾后健康教育状况及健康教育需求，为开展地震及其他突发公共事件健康教育工作提供依据。方法地震后第19～21d对绵阳市地震灾区5个临时安置点通过方便抽样对430名安置点居民进行问卷调查和个人访谈，了解安置点健康教育状况、居民卫生相关知识、态度和行为情况、居民健康教育需求。结果收回有效问卷424份，男208人，女216人，年龄10-84岁（18-59岁占72．6％），70．5％的教育程度为初中和小学，羌族占78．3％，均通汉语。临时安置点已由本地工作人员，外援医务人员及志愿者发放卫生宣传材料、张贴卫生宣传挂图、举办小型讲座、开展入户宣传等。调查对象饮水卫生和狂犬病的知晓率均在90％以上，存在使用未消毒的生活用水等健康危险行为。49．8％的调查对象需要传染病预防知识，36．8％需要用水安全知识。调查对象最期望获取知识的途径是电视。结论地震区临时安置点均已开展各种形式的健康教育。调查对象最需要传染病预防、用水安全方面的知识。Objective To investigate the health education status in the temporary settlements in earthquake-stricken areas in Sichuan Province, and the needs for health education among the residents there. Methods Questionnaire survey and individual interview were conducted among 430 residents in 5 temporary settlements in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, selected by convenience sampling, 19-21 days after the May 12 Earthquake, to investigate the health education status, relevant knowledge, attitudes, and practice, and needs for health education of the residents there. Results Effective questionnaires were reclaimed from 424 persons, 208 males and 216 females, aged 10~84 （72.6% being aged 18~59）, 70.5% with the educational levels of primary and junior middle schools, and 78.3% of Qiang nationality, all knowing Han language. Health education in the forms of brochures, posters, small-scale lectures, indoor health publicity, etc, was conducted by administrators, health worker,and volunteers, local and from without. The knowledge rates of drinking water hygiene and rabies among the residents were both over 90%. Health-risky behaviors, such as drinking un-sterilized water still existed. 49.8% of the respondents showed their need for the knowledge about prevention of infectious diseases, and 36.8% showed their need for the knowledge about safe drinking water. The most preferable channel to obtain health knowledge was television. Conclusion Health education of different forms has been carried out in the earthquake-stricken area. The residents there mostly need knowledge about prevention of infectious diseases and safe drinking water.

关 键 词：地震 灾区 健康教育 

分 类 号：R193.8[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]