芥蓝-菜心种间三倍体CCA的合成及细胞学研究  

Synthesis of Allotriploid(CCA) through Hybridization between Allotetraploid(AACC) and Diploid(CC) in Brassica Vegetables and Cytological Studies

作　　者：任艳蕊[1] 乔雪华[1] 张成合[1] 李晓峰[1] 申书兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,保定071001

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2009年第2期230-235,共6页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：河北省自然科学基因资助项目(C2006000450)

摘　　要：以菜心-芥蓝异源四倍体（AACC）为桥梁亲本，通过与亲本芥蓝（CC）回交和未成熟胚培养，在芸薹属蔬菜中首次获得基因组为CCA的异源三倍体（2n=3x=28）。该异源三倍体生长势较强，开花期、株型、叶形、花色等略偏向于芥蓝；A、C染色体组间存在较高的同源性，减数分裂终变期不同花粉母细胞中形成的三价体数变动在1-8个，多为4-5个，后期I染色体分离不均衡，有14／14、13／15、16／12、17／11和18／10等分离方式，与亲本芥蓝（CC）回交的结子率一般较低，蕾期人工授粉可达0．29％。The allotetraploid strain （AACC） derived from the hybridization between autotetraploid flowering Chinese cabbage （Brassica campestris L. ssp chinensis （L.） Makino vat. parachinensis Tsen et Lee） and diploid Chinese kale （Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra ） was as the female parent, through backcrossing with parent Chi- nese kale（CC） and immature embryo culture in vitro, the allotriploid hybrid with CCA genomes was obtained for the first time in Brassica vegetable plants. This allotriploid hybrid （CCA） was strong in growth and with the charac- ters of parents （flowering Chinese cabbage and Chinese kale）in which the plant type, flower color and anthesis were more similar to parent Chinese kale. Meiotic observation showed that the trivalents formed at diakinesis varied from 1 to 8, and the chromosome distribution at anaphase I was unbalanced, having 14/14, 13/15, 16/12, 17/11, 18/ 10 and so on. When this allotriploid （CCA） was backcrossed with Chinese Kale （CC）, seed setting reached 0. 29%.

关 键 词：芥蓝 菜心 异源三倍体 减数分裂 

分 类 号：S634[农业科学—蔬菜学]