灾区大学生心理健康状况的调查与分析  

The Analysis of Mental Health of College Students in Disaster Area

作　　者：吴薇莉[1] 苏文明[1] 刘英华[1] 张琴[1] 魏赓[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华大学心理咨询中心,四川成都610039

出　　处：《西华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2009年第3期71-75,共5页Journal of Xihua University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)

摘　　要：目的:了解地震灾区高校学生的心理健康状况,为对这部分学生进行心理干预提供科学依据。方法:用灾后精神失调筛查自评问卷(SRQ-20)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、成人依恋量表(AAS),PTSD自评量表(PCL)、事件影响量表(IES-R)对成都临近灾区的某高校的2165名灾区学生进行了随机问卷调查。结果:(1)学生的心理困扰严重程度可以分成不同的层次,IES-R检出率29.19%、SRQ检出为26.74%、PCL检出率为16.16%;(2)检出的学生中73%以上均是那些地震中一直在现场和大部分时间在现场,他们的创伤反应比其他灾区学生更突出;(3)在检出的学生中,不安全的依恋类型的学生比例占了大部分(均为63%以上);(4)在三个筛查量表中阳性检出组与阴性组的学生在社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持、对支持的利用度,以及依恋量表中的亲近因子、焦虑因子上差异均有统计学意义。结论:在心理康复工作中,(1)要根据学生的实际状况分层次干预;(2)要关注学生震前的亲子依恋关系,注意复杂型创伤的治疗;(3)要重点放在如何帮助学生构建积极的社会支持资源方面;(4)学生社会支持网络恢复要有的放矢。Research purposes ： To find out the mental health status and provide the scientific basis of psychological intervention of college students in earthquake-stricken area. Methods ： We use the questionnaire Screening for post-disaster mental disorders self-rating questionnaire （SRQ-20） Social Support Rating Scale （ SSRS）, Adult Attachment Scale （ AAS）, PTSD self-rating scale （PCL） and Impact of Event Scale （IES-R） randomly hit on 2165 students near the disaster area in a university in Chengdu. Results ： （ 1 ） the severity of psychological distress of the students can be divided into different levels, the detection rate of IES-R is 29.19%, the detection rate of SRQ is 26.74%, the detection rate of PCL is 16.16% ; （2） of the students found more than 73 percent of all those earthquakes has been at the scene and most of the time at the scene, and their response to trauma than other more prominent areas of students ; （2） of the students in the detection, unsafe attachment types students accounted for the majority proportion （ more than 63% of all） ; （3） in the social support total score, objective support, subjective support, the availability of support, as well as the attachment Scale factor of close to, the anxiety factor, there are statistically significant differences of positive group and negative group of students in the three screening scale. Conclusion ： in the psychosocial rehabilitation work, （ 1 ） we should give intervention at different levels according to the actual situation of students ; （2） we have to pay attention to the parent-child attachment pre-shock of the students, paying attention to the treatment of complex trauma; （3） we should focus on how to help students to build positive social support resources ; （4） We have to resume the social support network targeted.

关 键 词：灾区大学生 心理健康 心理康复 

分 类 号：G44[哲学宗教—心理学]