用生物膜缺氧修复受污染的城市河道水  

Anoxic Bioremediation of Urban Polluted River Water with Biofilm

作　　者：张永明[1] 胡一珍[1] 严荣[1] 刘芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院环境工程系,上海200234

出　　处：《环境科学》2009年第7期1920-1924,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50678102);上海市教育委员会发展基金重点项目(ZZ0622);上海市重点学科建设项目(S30406);上海师范大学重点学科建设项目(DZL711);华东理工大学生物反应器工程国家重点实验室开放项目

摘　　要：采用一种类似氧化沟的反应器,其中利用蜂窝陶瓷为载体形成生物膜替代活性污泥,对城市受污染的河道水体进行缺氧生物修复.修复过程中控制溶解氧含量在0.5mg/L以下,使生物反应在缺氧状态下运行.在此过程中,水中的氨氮去除率为40%～60%,总氮的去除率达到40%～45%,即氨氮和总氮得到同步去除,且没有亚硝酸盐积累.提取生物膜置于摇瓶内进行厌氧培养发现,氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮也得到同步去除,这表明在低碳氮比的微污染地表水的生物修复过程中同时有硝化-反硝化和厌氧氨氧化现象.通过分子生物学分析,证实在生物膜群落里存在具有厌氧氨氧化能力的微生物.这一结果有可能为富营养化水体的修复提供一种经济、实用的技术途径.Reactor like oxidation ditch was used for anaerobic bioremediation of urban river water, in which biofilm formed on ceramic honeycomb carrier was used instated of activated sludge. The dissolved oxygen in the wastewater was controlled under 0.5 mg/L for anoxic oxidation, and ammonia nitrogen was removed 40 to 60 percent, and total nitrogen removed 40 to 45 percent, that is ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen were removed at the same time, also, nitrite was not any accumulated during the process. The biofilm was taken into flask to culture under anoxic oxidation condition in order to prove if anaerobic ammonium oxidation （ANAMMOX） occurred in the process, and ammonia and nitrite nitrogen were also removed at the same time in the experiment, which suggested that nitrification-denitrification and ANAMMOX occurred in bioremediation of urban surface water with low ratio of carbon and nitrogen at the same time. The anammox bacteria were existed in the biofilm according to molecular biological analysis. The experiment will be significant for bioremediation of eutrophication water body.

关 键 词：城市河道水体 生物修复 厌氧氨氧化 富营养化 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]