用柘树叶饲养家蚕对蚕体生长发育及3种代谢酶活性的影响  

Effects of Tricuspid Cudrania Leaves on Growth and Development and Activity of Three Metabolic Enzymes in the Silkworm(Bombyx mori)

作　　者：薛英伟[1] 涂增[1] 万永继[1] 向芸庆[1] 谢洪霞[1] 冯丽春[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学生物技术学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2009年第2期408-411,共4页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(编号nyhyzx07-020-01);现代农业产业技术体系专项

摘　　要：探讨家蚕不同饲料营养与抗性生理的关系对家蚕的病理生理及蚕病预防研究具有重要意义。自4龄起蚕开始用柘树叶和桑叶分组饲养,调查家蚕的生长发育状况,并连续10 d分别检测蚕体内与抗性相关的酶活性。结果表明:柘叶饲养组不仅蚕体重和体长的增长小于桑叶饲养组,而且上蔟率、结茧率、全茧量及茧层量均显著低于桑叶组;柘叶饲养组蚕体内的碱性磷酸酯酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶及羧酸酯酶活性平均值分别为0.070 8、14.129 0、632.557 1 U/mL,桑叶饲养组蚕体内的碱性磷酸酯酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶和羧酸酯酶的活性平均值分别为0.076 4、15.189 0、628.055 1 U/mL,与桑叶饲养组相比,柘叶饲养组蚕体内的碱性磷酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性显著降低,而羧酸脂酶的活性显著提高(P<0.05)。由此认为,家蚕采用拓叶饲养会在一定程度上影响蚕体的生理代谢,降低蚕体对不良环境的抵抗能力。Effects of two kinds of forage leaves, namely tricuspid cudrania leaves [ Cudrania tricuspidata （Carr.） Bur.] and mulberry leaves （Morus alba）, on growth and metabolic enzymes of silkworm （Bombyx mori） were surveyed in the study. Silkworms were reared with mulberry leaves till the 4th newly exuviated larvae, after which tricuspid cudrania leaves were used. Activity of enzymes related to silkworm＇s resistance were measured daily till the 10th day. Results showed that mean body weight and mean body length of the tricuspid cudrania leaf group were lower than the mulberry leaf group. And the rate of mounting, rate of cocooning, cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight of tricuspid cudrania leaf group were significantly lower than the mulberry leaf group. The mean value of enzymatic activities of alkaline phosphatase （AKP）, acetylcholine esterase （AchE） and carboxylesterase （CarE） in the silkworms fed with Tricuspid cudrania leaves were 0. 070 8, 14. 129 0 and 632. 557 1 U/mL （ n = 30）, respectively, while those from mulberry leaves were 0. 076 4, 15. 189 0 U/mL and 628. 055 1 U/mL （n =30） respectively. Enzymatic activities of the AKP and AchE in silkworms fed with tricuspid cudrania leaves were much lower than that of mulberry leaves, while the activity of CarE was significantly higher （ P 〈 0. 05）. These results indicate that feeding with tricuspid cudrania leaves could influence silkworm＇s physiological metabolism to some extent and result in a reduced resistance of the silkworms against unfavorable environment.

关 键 词：家蚕 饲料营养 生长发育 产茧量 代谢酶活性 柘树叶 

分 类 号：S883.9[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]