春季地气温差与长江中下游夏季旱涝异常的相关  

Distribution of Differences between Ground and Air Temperature in Spring and Its Impact on Precipitation in Mid-Lower Reaches of Yangtze River

作　　者：刘颖[1] 徐祥德[1] 施晓晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《气象科技》2009年第3期301-305,共5页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金重点项目(2008Z006);灾害天气国家重点实验室自主研究项目(2008LASWZI04);科技部国际合作项目(2007DFB20210)共同资助

摘　　要：利用1957-2006年50年的地温、气温和降水资料，分析了中国区域春季地气温差的分布特征，并利用线性相关和奇异值分解方法对春季地气温差与夏季降水的关系进行了探讨。结果表明：中国大陆春季地气温差分布与地势大体吻合。在长江中下游为涝年时，青藏高原春季的地气温差偏大，而黄淮流域的春季地气温差偏小，与青藏高原相反。青藏高原春季的地气温差与长江中下游地区夏季降水存在显著的正相关，即春季青藏高原地区地气温差较大（小），长江流域的夏季降水会比正常年份偏多（少），青藏高原春季地气温差对长江中下游夏季降水有一定的指示意义。Based on the data of ground temperature, air temperature and precipitation of China from 1957 to 2006, the distributional characteristics of differences between ground and air temperature in spring in China are analyzed. The relationship of differences between ground and air temperature in spring to summer precipitation is studied by means of the correlation analysis and Singular Value Decomposition （SVD） methods. Results show that the distribution of differences between ground and air temperature is similar to the terrain. When droughts occurred in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the differences between ground and air temperature over the Tibetan Plateau is relatively higher, and lower in the Yellow River and Huai River basins in spring. Furthermore, there is significant positive correlation of the differences between ground and air temperature over Tibetan Plateau in spring to the summer precipitation in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

关 键 词：地气温差 降水 长江中下游 奇异值分解(SVD) 

分 类 号：P462.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P457.6