长沙市小学生冲动行为评估与影响因素探讨  

A Study on Evaluation of Impulsiveness and Influential Factors of Pupils in Changsha

作　　者：李介民[1] 罗雪梅[1] 沈奕[2] 蔡益民[1] 罗珍胄[3] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院儿科,湖南长沙410011 [2]中南大学湘雅二医院骨科,湖南长沙410011 [3]中南大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2009年第3期351-353,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：湖南省科学技术厅科技计划项目(06FJ3154)

摘　　要：目的：探讨儿童冲动行为评估与影响因素。方法：在长沙市随机抽取6～12岁儿童1736名,由家长完成对受试儿童的Barratt冲动量表和家庭情况问卷调查。结果：儿童的冲动性以男性组较高（P〈0.01）。BIS总分及运动因子、缺少计划因子得分随着年龄增长而呈下降趋势（P〈0.01）。孕期病症组及早产组的儿童冲动性较高（P〈0.05）。母亲高学历组、母亲从事技术、干部、教师或医师等职业组的儿童冲动性较低（P〈0.01）;家庭经济收入处于中上等水平组冲动性较低（P〈0.01）;父母离异组,父母情绪躁狂、焦虑或抑郁组,教育态度不一致组,不采取说服教育组儿童的冲动性均有明显增高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论：儿童冲动行为与围生期因素及家庭养育环境相关。Objective： To explore the evaluation and influential factors of impulsiveness in children. Methods： 1736 children aged 6 to 12 years were selected randomly from Changsha, whose parents completed the questionnaires of family status questionnaire and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale 11th version （BIS-11）. Results： The impulsiveness in male is higher than female among children （P〈0.01）. The total score of BIS, as well as the score of motet impulsiveness and non-planning impulsiveness factors were decreasing along with age, and there was a significant difference between the different age groups （P〈0.01）. Children, with mother in the diseased during pregnancy group or premature delivery group, had a higher impulsiveness （P〈0.05）. The impulsiveness in children was lower （P〈0.01）in such family environment： mother with a high educational background, and mother with an occupation as technician, officer, teacher or doctor, etc. The impulsiveness in children was lower in middle-high income family （P〈0.01）, and was higher in these group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）： divorced family group, parents with mania, anxiety or depression group, parents with divergently educational attitude group, and parents with no persuasive education group. Conclusion： The results of the current study shows that perinatal factors and family environment is correlated with hyperactive-impulsive level in children.

关 键 词：儿童 冲动 影响因素 Barratt冲动量表 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]